Pediatrics
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Screening
The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in children and adolescents aged 10 to 18 years.
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Screening
Men Ages 65 to 75 Years who Have Ever Smoked: The USPSTF recommends one-time screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) with ultrasonography in men ages 65 to 75 years who have ever smoked.
Men Ages 65 to 75 Years who Have Never Smoked: The USPSTF recommends that clinicians selectively offer screening for AAA in men ages 65 to 75 years who have never smoked rather than routinely screening all men in this group.
Women Ages 65 to 75 Years who Have Ever Smoked: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for AAA in women ages 65 to 75 years who have ever smoked.
Bacterial Vaginosis in Pregnancy to Prevent Preterm Delivery: Screening
The USPSTF recommends against screening for bacterial vaginosis in asymptomatic pregnant women at low risk for preterm delivery. SOR D
The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for bacterial vaginosis in asymptomatic pregnant women at high risk for preterm delivery.
Carotid Artery Stenosis: Screening
The USPSTF recommends against screening for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis in the general adult population.
Breast Cancer: Medications for Risk Reduction
Women, Increased Risk for Breast Cancer: The USPSTF recommends that clinicians engage in shared, informed decision making with women who are at increased risk for breast cancer about medications to reduce their risk. For women who are at increased risk for breast cancer and at low risk for adverse medication effects, clinicians should offer to prescribe risk-reducing medications, such as tamoxifen or raloxifene. SOR B
Women, Not at Increased Risk for Breast Cancer: The USPSTF recommends against the routine use of medications, such as tamoxifen or raloxifene, for risk reduction of primary breast cancer in women who are not at increased risk for breast cancer.
Autism Spectrum Disorder in Young Children: Screening
The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in young children for whom no concerns of ASD have been raised by their parents or a clinician.
Hearing Loss in Older Adults: Screening
The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for hearing loss in asymptomatic adults aged 50 years or older.
Drug Use in Pregnancy, Illicit: Screening
The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening adolescents, adults, and pregnant women for illicit drug use.
Glaucoma: Screening
The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in adults.
Lung Cancer: Screening
The USPSTF recommends annual screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) in adults aged 55 to 80 years who have a 30 pack-year smoking history and currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 years. Screening should be discontinued once a person has not smoked for 15 years or develops a health problem that substantially limits life expectancy or the ability or willingness to have curative lung surgery. SOR B
Depression in Children and Adolescents: Screening
Adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. The USPSTF recommends screening for major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. Screening should be implemented with adequate systems in place to ensure accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and appropriate follow-up.
Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: Screening
The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for cognitive impairment.
Genital Herpes Infection: Serologic Screening
The USPSTF recommends against routine serologic screening for genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in asymptomatic adolescents and adults, including those who are pregnant.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Screening
The USPSTF recommends against screening for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in asymptomatic adults.
Prostate Cancer: Screening
For men aged 55 to 69 years, the decision to undergo periodic prostate-specific antigen (PSA)–based screening for prostate cancer should be an individual one. Before deciding whether to be screened, men should have an opportunity to discuss the potential benefits and harms of screening with their clinician and to incorporate their values and preferences in the decision. Screening offers a small potential benefit of reducing the chance of death from prostate cancer in some men. However, many men will experience potential harms of screening, including false-positive results that require additional testing and possible prostate biopsy; overdiagnosis and overtreatment; and treatment complications, such as incontinence and erectile dysfunction. In determining whether this service is appropriate in individual cases, patients and clinicians should consider the balance of benefits and harms on the basis of family history, race/ethnicity, comorbid medical conditions, patient values about the benefits and harms of screening and treatment-specific outcomes, and other health needs. Clinicians should not screen men who do not express a preference for screening. SOR C
Men 70 years and older: The USPSTF recommends against PSA-based screening for prostate cancer in men 70 years and older.
Iron Deficiency Anemia in Young Children: Screening
Children ages 6 to 24 months
The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for iron deficiency anemia in children ages 6 to 24 months.
Hepatitis C: Screening
The USPSTF recommends screening for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in persons at high risk for infection. The USPSTF also recommends offering 1-time screening for HCV infection to adults born between 1945 and 1965.
Intimate Partner Violence, Elder Abuse, and Abuse of Vulnerable Adults: Screening
Women of reproductive age: The USPSTF recommends that clinicians screen for intimate partner violence (IPV) in women of reproductive age and provide or refer women who screen positive to ongoing support services. SOR B
Healthful Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults With Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Behavioral Counseling
Adults who are overweight or obese and have additional CVD risk factors: The USPSTF recommends offering or referring adults who are overweight or obese and have additional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors to intensive behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthful diet and physical activity for CVD prevention. SOR B
Vitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cancer and CVD: Recommendations for multivitamins, Single- or Paired-Nutrient Supplements, β-carotene, or Vitamin E
Use of Multivitamins to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease or Cancer: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of the use of multivitamins for the prevention of cardiovascular disease or cancer.
Single- or Paired-Nutrient Supplements for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease or Cancer: The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of the use of single- or paired-nutrient supplements (except β-carotene and vitamin E) for the prevention of cardiovascular disease or cancer.
Use of β-carotene or Vitamin E for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease or Cancer: The USPSTF recommends against the use of β-carotene or vitamin E supplements for the prevention of cardiovascular disease or cancer.
Obesity in Children and Adolescents: Screening
Children and adolescents 6 years and older
The USPSTF recommends that clinicians screen for obesity in children and adolescents 6 years and older and offer or refer them to comprehensive, intensive behavioral interventions to promote improvements in weight status.
Falls Prevention in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Interventions
Adults 65 years or older:The USPSTF recommends exercise interventions to prevent falls in community-dwelling adults 65 years or older who are at increased risk for falls. SOR B
Adults 65 years or older: The USPSTF recommends that clinicians selectively offer multifactorial interventions to prevent falls to community-dwelling adults 65 years or older who are at increased risk for falls. Existing evidence indicates that the overall net benefit of routinely offering multifactorial interventions to prevent falls is small. When determining whether this service is appropriate for an individual, patients and clinicians should consider the balance of benefits and harms based on the circumstances of prior falls, presence of comorbid medical conditions, and the patient’s values and preferences. SOR C
Adults 65 years or older: The USPSTF recommends against vitamin D supplementation to prevent falls in community-dwelling adults 65 years or older.
Preeclampsia: Screening
The USPSTF recommends screening for preeclampsia in pregnant women with blood pressure measurements throughout pregnancy.
Abnormal Blood Glucose and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Screening
The USPSTF recommends screening for abnormal blood glucose as part of cardiovascular risk assessment in adults aged 40 to 70 years who are overweight or obese. Clinicians should offer or refer patients with abnormal blood glucose to intensive behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthful diet and physical activity. SOR B
Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: Preventive Medication
Adults aged 50 to 59 years with a ≥10% 10-year CVD risk: The USPSTF recommends initiating low-dose aspirin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) in adults aged 50 to 59 years who have a 10% or greater 10-year CVD risk, are not at increased risk for bleeding, have a life expectancy of at least 10 years, and are willing to take low-dose aspirin daily for at least 10 years. SOR B
Adults aged 60 to 69 years with a ≥10% 10-year CVD risk: The decision to initiate low-dose aspirin use for the primary prevention of CVD and CRC in adults aged 60 to 69 years who have a 10% or greater 10-year CVD risk should be an individual one. Persons who are not at increased risk for bleeding, have a life expectancy of at least 10 years, and are willing to take low-dose aspirin daily for at least 10 years are more likely to benefit. Persons who place a higher value on the potential benefits than the potential harms may choose to initiate low-dose aspirin. SOR C