Meiosis
Segments of DNA found as "bands" on chromosomes
genes
A trait that shows up in a generation, even if another is present
dominant
when two haploid gametes combine forming a diploid cell
fertilization
outward expression of allele pairs, an observable trait
phenotype
The main purpose of meiosis is to produce
gametes
Process where chromosome segments (arms) are exchanged in prophase I
crossing over
An organism's pair of alleles.
genotype
studying how traits are passed from parents to offspring is this field of science
genetics
heterozygous offspring formed from the reproduction of homozygous dominant and recessive parents
hybrids
Mitosis results in diploid cells, while meiosis produces haploid cells. This is a difference in
chromosome number
The type of cells formed at the end of meiosis
gametes/haploids
states that two alleles for each trait separate during mitosis and unite during fertilization
Law of segregation
T is dominant and t is recessive. State the homozygous genotypes. (Say the letter combos)
TT and tt
crossing over occurs during this phase of meiosis
prophase I
How is the splitting of chromosomes in meiosis different from mitosis? (specifically in metaphase and anaphase)
There are 2 chromosomes splitting instead of one splitting in half
Cells that have half the number of chromosomes (n)
haploid
Alternative forms of a gene are passed from generation to generation.
alleles
Cells that contain two sets of chromosomes (2n)
diploid
Genes that are taken over by the dominant genes are called
Which phase is the same in mitosis and meiosis?
Interphase