GI Bleed
What is the most common etiologies of Gastric/Duodenal Ulcer?
NSAIDs and H. Pylori
What is the most common cause of iron deficiency in post menopausal women and men?
IDA
What is first line therapy for acute back pain without red flag symptoms?
Activity as tolerated and NSAID/Tylenol
What is GDMT for HFrEF?
BB/ARNI/MRA/SGLT-2
What is the initial management of DKA?
IV fluids, Insulin +/- K
What extra medications should be ordered for a patient with GI bleed and cirrhosis?
What is the finding seen on peripheral smear in intravascular hemolytic anemia?
Schistocytes
When is imaging indicated for back pain?
Red flag or 4 to 6 weeks of persistent pain.
What test should be obtained for a patient newly diagnosed with HFrEF?
LHC
How and when is it safe to transition a patient off of insulin?
Once gap is closed and patient is able to tolerate PO, give SubQ insulin and continue drip for 2 hours.
What is the transfusion goal in a patient with GI bleeding?
>7 or hemodynamic stability
What is the most common cause of macrocytic anemia in the elderly?
Pernicious Anemia due to Autoimmune Gastritis
List 3 red flags for acute back pain?
Age <18 or >50, immunosuppressed, hx of cancer, hx of AAA, recent infection, spinal procedure or trauma, long-term glucocorticoid use, IV drug use, anticoagulant use, the pain worsens at night or does not improve with rest, progressive pain over four weeks, neurologic abnormalities, fever, vital changes, cord compression sign, motor weakness, new numbness or tingling, bowel/bladder or sexual dysfunction
When should an ICD be placed in HFrEF?
When EF is <35% and >3 months of optimal medical therapy
When should you consider ICU admission for DKA?
What forest score can receive oral PPI in upper GI bleeds?
Forest grade IIC or higher
What are the temporizing therapies used warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia?
Prednisone and IVIG
What is the first line treatment for spinal abscess?
Surgical drainage
What are the indications for IV iron in heart failure?
Ferritin <100 or Ferritin 100-299 and TSAT <20%
What are the most common inciting factors of DKA?
Infection, MI, Pancreatitis, Pregnancy and SLGT-2 inhibitors
In a patient with a history of ACS, how soon after hemostasis is achieved should aspirin be resumed?
Usually 24 hours but definitely before 7 days
What is the pathophysiology of iron deficiency in patient's with severe B12 deficiency?
Intramedullary hemolytic anemia
What is the first-line treatment for spinal metastasis?
Radiation therapy
What is the therapy for ATTR Cardiomyopathy?
Tafamidis, Acoramidis, Patisiran or vutrisiran
How are labs ordered for DKA?
Alternating Q2Hr BMP and Q2Hr VBG + BG