Main Ideas
What is aggregated well-being?
The joined well-being of individuals
These are the two MAIN branches of utilitarianism that are presented as being opposing
What is act and rule utilitarianism?
Who are the main founders of utilitarianism?
Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill
Bioethics: You have 5 patients who could be treated from one bottle of medicine and 1 patient who required the entire bottle. Applying utilitarianism, what would you do?
What other term is also used to refer to utilitarianism?
Consequentialism.
The utilitarian equation for the total view in population ethics with words.
What is Population * Average quality of life?
What book did Jeremy Bentham write?
“An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation”
Philosophy associated with Henry Sidgwick documented in The Methods of Ethics
Egoism
What branch of philosophy is utilitarianism?
Ethics and justice.
The name of the simple variation of utilitarianism that states all actions are wrong except for the one that produces the most well-being.
What is Maximizing utilitarianism?
How did Mill feel about Bentham?
Admired him, but disagreed with his views on the nature of happiness and sought to modify Bentham’s theory to accommodate intuitions about higher pleasures and differences in value.
What are the core ideals of Ideal Utilitarianism?
To broaden the concept of good and adding Organic Unities.
what concepts is utilitarianism not concerned with?
religion, morality, patriotism, altruism, egocentrism.
The name of the criticism that concludes its more beneficial to add many suffering souls to a population rather than fewer happy souls.
What is the Sadistic conclusion?
Who were the key promoters hedonism in the of the early 5th century?
Aristippus of Cyrene and Epicurus.
TBD
What is utilitarianism’s most directly opposing philosophy?
Deontology.
Name three additional variations of utilitarianism.
What is expectational and objective utilitarianism, multi-level and single-level utilitarianism, global and hybrid utilitarianism, ideal and preference utilitarianism, and negative utilitarianism?
Theological utilitarians such as _________ and ________ believed in God’s endorsement of promoting human happiness?
Richard Cumberland and John Gay.
Who wrote Principia Ethica
George Edward Moore