Organelles
Known as the "Powerhouse of the Cell," this organelle produces most of the cell's ATP.
What is the mitochondria?
ATP stands for this.
What is Adenosine Triphosphate?
The Krebs Cycle occurs inside this organelle.
What is the mitochondria?
This is the “Recycle Center” of the cell which can release enzymes to cause apoptosis.
What are Lysosomes
This vital sign best reflects how much oxygen is attached to hemoglobin.
What is SpO₂?
This organelle packages, modifies, and ships proteins throughout the cell.
What is the Golgi apparatus?
ATP is the primary _______ currency of the cell.
What is energy?
This molecule enters the Krebs Cycle after carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are metabolized.
What is Acetyl-CoA? (Ace)
“The Fluid” which is the space within the City Hall. It's the medium where all the activities and storage of DNA take place.
What is Nucleoplasm?
Despite a normal pulse oximetry reading, these patients may still have cellular hypoxia.
Who are patients in septic shock? (Silent Hypoxia)
This organelle contains the cell's DNA and acts as the control center.
What is the nucleus?
Most ATP is produced inside this organelle.
What is the mitochondria?
These two high-energy electron carriers are produced during the Krebs Cycle.
What are NADH and FADH₂? (Nadia and Fabio)
“Copy Room” where copies of specific blueprints (rRNA) are made.
What is the Nucleolus?
This laboratory value rises when cells switch to anaerobic metabolism.
What is lactate?
These tiny structures translate mRNA into proteins.
What are ribosomes?
Without this gas, ATP production dramatically decreases during aerobic metabolism.
What is oxygen?
This waste product is released during the Krebs Cycle and later exhaled.
What is carbon dioxide?
“Doorway to City Hall” that regulates the movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
What are the Nuclear Pores?
During cardiac arrest, ATP production rapidly falls because cells no longer receive this.
What are oxygen and glucose (blood flow/perfusion)?
A patient has a genetic disorder that prevents damaged proteins from being recycled. Which organelle is malfunctioning?
What are lysosomes?
A septic patient has a lactate of 9 mmol/L despite receiving oxygen. This process is likely failing.
What is aerobic cellular respiration (oxidative phosphorylation)?
The main purpose of the Krebs Cycle is NOT to produce ATP directly but to generate these molecules for the Electron Transport Chain.
What are NADH and FADH₂? (Nadia and Fabio)
“Assembly Line” where ribosomes bind to mRNA molecules, which carry the genetic code for a specific protein.
What are the Ribosomes?
A patient has:
Although oxygen is present in the blood, cells cannot effectively produce energy because of poor __________.
What is tissue perfusion?