The three main stratification systems in human history.
What slavery, caste, and class?
100
Rational choice theories of inequality stress the importance individual decisions to invest in __________________.
What is human capital (or skills, education, AND experience)?
100
Women now earn roughly _________ percent of what men make in the U.S.
What is 80 percent?
100
Generalizing a particular racial/ethnic group as lazy is an example of ________. Not hiring members of this group based on this assumption/perception is ___________.
What is prejudice; discrimination.
100
Vladimir, a Russian immigrant to the U.S., insists that everyone call him “Joe,” and he refuses to speak Russian, even in casual conversation with Russian-speaking neighbors. This is an example of _______________.
What is assimilation?
200
The four main indicators of stratification in class-based systems.
What are wealth, income, occupation, and education
200
This theorist of stratification emphasizes that inequality is product of status (not just class) and that class position depends on a combination of ownership of property AND scarce skills and credentials.
Who is Weber?
200
The expectations regarding the proper behavior, attitudes, and activities of males and females are known as ___________________.
What are gender roles?
200
A group that is set apart from others primarily because of its national origin or distinctive cultural patterns is an _______________.
What is ethnicity?
200
This population group represents the largest minority group in the United States?
What is Latinos (or Hispanics)?
300
The top quintile (fifth) of income earners take home ____ percent of total income in the U.S., whereas the top quintile of wealth holders hold ______ percent of all wealth.
What is 50 and 85 percent?
300
This theory says that current racial inequalities are much more a product of PAST discrimination and shifts in availability of manufacturing jobs that have disproportionately impacted African-Americans.
What is Wilson's class-based explanation of racial inequality?
300
Men who always make it a point to open doors for women are ______________.
What is "doing gender"?
300
Allport's social contact theory of racial prejudice suggests that prejudice results from ________________________.
What is contact between unequal, competing groups (and the conflict arising from that contact).
300
In terms of the percentage of the U.S. population, non-Latino whites make up __ percent, Latinos __ percent, African-Americans __ percent, Asians __ percent, and Native Americans __ percent.
What is 64, 16, 13, 5, 1.
400
Following evidence on trends in income inequality in the U.S. over the last 50 years, __________ inequality is increasing, whereas _____________ and _____________ income inequality are decreasing (but very slowly).
What is "class" then "gender" and "race"?
400
This theory of inequality says the gender is the primary source of inequality in society and that dramatic changes in culture, gender roles, and power are necessary to change such inequalities.
What is radical feminism?
400
Julia has a career as a teacher and is also responsible for cleaning, buying groceries, cooking, and cleaning house for her husband and children. Following lecture and text materials, sociologists would see this as:
What is the second shift?
400
Martha is a member of a minority group in her society. Still, she is able to practice her religion, observe her cultural holidays, and dress in the tradition of her culture, while also participating in the economic and social life of the larger society without fear of prejudice or discrimination. Martha lives in what type of society?
What is multicultural (or pluralist)?
400
About ___ percent of the U.S. population is foreign born. Of those 1.5 million plus immigrants entering the U.S. each year, about 1 million are _____________ immigrants.
What is 13 percent and legal immigrants?
500
Median household income in the United States today is roughly $___________ but the median income of Soc. 101 households is nearly __________ percent __________.
What is $50,000 and "25 percent higher"?
500
The idea that society needs a system of unequal rewards in order to encourage talented people to fill certain socially necessary but difficult jobs is associated with ___________?
What is functionalism?
500
Marcia has seen two male secretaries promoted while similarly qualified women such as herself continue to be assigned administrative work. Marcia decides to join “Nine to Five” an organization that works to outlaw such practices. The promotion of the men over the women suggests a ____________________; Marcia’s response is best explained by ________________ theory.
What is "glass escalator" and "liberal feminist"
500
The traditional psychological account of prejudice is that such feelings are a product of _______________________.
What is ignorance, lack of education, irrational attitudes (and one of these is acceptable)?
500
One of the ironies of increasing efforts to close the border to undocumented immigrants from Mexico is that ___________________.
What is closing the border also keeps undocumented immigrants from returning to home, as was common before such closings?