The complementary DNA bases that would be added to this template strand during DNA replication: A-G-C-C-T-A
What is T-C-G-G-A-T ?
100
The definition of Mitosis
What is "The division of ONE DIPLOID cell into TWO IDENTICAL DIPLOID daughter cells, for the purpose of tissue growth, tissue repair, and increasing the number of cells destined to become gametes".
100
The definition of Meiosis.
What is "The process of division of ONE DIPLOID cell to produce one (or four) HAPLOID cells (gametes) that are NOT identical".
100
The RNA strand of nucleotides that would complement this strand of DNA nucleotides: C-A-T-T-A-G
What is G-U-A-A-U-C?
100
The function of the protein DNA polymerase III.
What is to lay down the new DNA nucleotides continuously to the parent strand of DNA, as the replication fork opens?
200
The enzyme that functions in breaking the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases on the two strands.
What is DNA Helicase?
200
The structure that holds together the two sister chromatids in a duplicated chromosome after DNA replication has occurred.
What is the centromere?
200
The protein that holds the two homologous duplicated chromosomes together.
What are the chiasmata?
200
The overall function of Transcription.
What is when the cell makes and RNA copy of the gene (DNA) called a messenger RNA.
200
The names for the coding and non coding segments of a messenger RNA molecule
What are the introns (non-coding) and exons (coding)?
300
Draw the structure of DNA on the board.
PO4^3- PO4^3-
l l
Sugar --- Adenine-Thymine ---Sugar
l l
OH OH
300
The structures that attach to the centromeres of duplicated chromosomes and lines them up along the metaphase plate.
What are the kinetochore microtubules?
300
The phase in which the sister chromatids (could be considered individual chromosomes once separated) reach the poles of the cells and de-condense into chromatin.
What is Telophase II?
300
The overall function of Translation.
What is the process of making a polypeptide chain (chain of amino acids) based on the RNA copy of the genetic code?
300
The protein responsible for fusing the Okazaki fragments of DNA nucleotides together.
What is Ligase?
400
The reason why only Guanine can pair with Cytosine and Thymine with Adenine
What are the triple versus double bonding sites?
400
The structures that elongates the cell.
What are the polar microtubules?
400
The phase in which the homologous pairs of duplicated chromosomes pair up (sometimes resulting in crossing over)
What is Prophase I?
400
Name and describe the three parts of Transcription.
What is:
1. Initiation -- DNA sequence TATA tells the RNA polymerase to begin adding complementary RNA nucleotides to the exposed DNA template strand.
2. Elongation -- RNA nucleotides added continuously to the template DNA template strand.
3. Termination -- termination sequence segment of DNA nucleotides recognized, and the Pre-mRNA cleaved off
----splicosomes cut out the noncoding segment of nucleotides and fuse together the coding segments thus resulting in final mRNA.
400
The part of the transfer RNA that is complementary to the mRNA codon that ensure the right amino acid will be placed.
What is the anticodon?
500
The direction DNA replication occurs (the direction in which the new DNA strand is laid down).
What is 5' to 3'
500
DOUBLE POINTS!!! Draw ALL the phases of Mitosis on the board.
**********
500
DOUBLE POINTS!!!! Draw ALL the parts of meiosis on the board....
**********
500
Describe the process of Translation.
What is:
The mRNA brings the code to a ribosome in which a ribosomal RNA molecule (rRNA) reads it one codon at a time and signals to the tRNA (transfer RNA) to grab the appropriate amino acid -- this is repeated until the full protein has been assembled.