Classification Systems & Solitary
In regards to solitary, a 2011 United Nations report found...
That solitary confinement is tantamount to torture and should be limited to 15 days
What is one reason incarcerated individuals may fail to report having been raped?
Fear of retaliation (labeled a snitch), shame and humiliation, or may be ignored by staff (especially if staff is involved)
The Center for Disease Control and Prevention reports that the prevalence of HIV infection in prison is nearly _____ times higher than in the general US population
Five
The lack of job opportunities for ex-convicts often results in _______
Reoffending
Why are gang affiliated prisoners routinely place in solitary?
To avoid outbreaks of violence
What are the six main reasons the textbook provides for why violence occurs in prisons?
Understaffing, excessive/unreasonable force by a correctional officer, overcrowding, poor living conditions, gang activities, and/or the physical design of the prison
True or False: Individuals with mental illness who are incarcerated are often treated using long-term goals with the development of comprehensive management plans
False: Treated using short-term goals (controlling bad behavior and relying on medication)
True or False: Over the past few decades the US has experienced an increase in the rate of reincarceration
False: Since 2005 there has been a decrease in reincarceration rates for new sentences and revocation
What is the reason given for increased use of solitary confinement for people with mental illness?
Scarcity of psychiatrists and psychologists who are available to provide treatment
What is the main reason for the formation of many prison gangs?
Ensure protection
What five major issues did the 1996 Prison Litigation Reform Act address?
What do conditions for parole most commonly include?
Gaining employment, obeying the law, remaining in the state, and paying any required restitution to victims or the community
What does diagnostic testing look at when generating prison classifications?
Nature of crime, history of violence, and length of sentence
Describe the 1971 Attica Prison riot
One of the most famous and deadly riots that lasted for 5 days. Over 1,000 inmates held 40 correctional officers hostage negotiating for better living conditions. The prison was overcrowded with inmates complaining of only being able to shower once a week, only being given one roll of toilet paper every month, destruction of their personal mail, food being bug-infested, and abusive treatment. 39 inmates died and 88 were wounded
Cooper v. Pate (1964) held...
An inmate cannot be punished or disciplined based on religious beliefs; although some rights may be denied, an inmate does not relinquish all constitutional rights
What are the hallmarks of the intensive case management approach to reentry?
Programming includes low staff-to-client ratios, 24-hour coverage, services and referrals for mental health treatment, housing, living skills, employment, and crisis intervention