Arterial Anatomy/hemodynamics
What are the 3 layers of the arterial vessel (inner to outer)
Tunica Intima, Media, Adventitia
What type of transducer is used during indirect testing?
CW
Which vessel is located the most proximal of the ascending AO arch?
brachiocephalic artery or innominate artery
Which vessel is best imaged through the transtemporal window?
MCA
What type of phasicity does a collateral vessel usually demonstrate?
monophasic
What artery supplies the superficial palmer arch?
Ulnar artery
What are symptoms of true claudication? Give an example
easily reproducible with the same amount of activity. 3 block claudication or 20 min claudication
The right and the left vertebral arteries merge to form the:
BA
During a normal TCD exam, what is the correct direction of flow in the ICA siphon using the transorbital window?
bi-directional
Which type of bypass graft material has the highest long-term patency rate?
autogenous vein
In order from External Iliac Artery list the arterial pathway from groin to foot
EIA, CFA, SFA/DFA, SFA P, M, D, Pop, ATA/tibiotrunk, PTA, Peroneal,
How should the severity of PAOD be classified in a patient with an ABI of 1.2?
Normal
What contains chemoreceptors that helps control respiratory rate.
Carotid body
Which vessel is most commonly monitored for diagnosis of cerebral vasospasms?
MCA
What is the most common cause of arterial emboli?
atrial fibrillation
What is the equation for Poiseuille's Law? AND tell me what the variables stand for
q=pi(p1-P2)r^4/8nl
Q= flow
P1-P2= pressure change
r=radius
n= viscosity
l=length
What effect does exercise have on the resistance of a blood vessel supplying a large muscle?
decrease
What is FMD and what does FMD stand for?
Abnormal growth of smooth muscle cells and fibrous tissue development in the arterial walls.
Fibromuscular Dysplasia
A coma is a common symptom of a lesion in which intracranial artery?
PCA
The Arc of Riolan connects the _______ to the _______?
IMA, SMA
When does hemodynamics of arterial disease typically occur?
Typically occurs when the cross sectional area has been reduced by 75% (equivalent to a diameter reduction of 50%
what is the ABI of a incompressible vessel?
>1.30
What produces antegrade flow in late diastole in a normal triphasic arterial waveform?
Hydraulic filter
List four (4) primary criteria used to identify a vessel during a TCD exam.
depth
direction
velocity
spatial relationship
What is the most common anatomical variant of the hepatic artery?
replaced right hepatic artery