Skeletal system
What bones make up the shoulder joint?
Humerus, Scapula and Clavicle
What is the anatomical name of the calf?
Gastrocnemius
Which camber carries blood towards the body?
Left ventricle
What structure is most commonly known as the voice box
Pharynx
Exercise
If a move my arm back towards the midline of the body, what movement am I demonstrating?
Adduction
Which type of muscle fibres is best suited to a triathlon?
Type 1 slow-twitch oxidative fibres
Name the four components of blood
Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma
Define tidal volume
Tidal volume is the amount of air inspired and expired with each breath.
Identify two benefits of physical activity
Answers could include:
- improved fitness
- lower risk of lifestyle diseases
- lower stress and anxiety
- Sense of belonging, increased social connection
What movement does place at the knee when kicking a football?
Knee extension – increasing the angle of the joint
Provide a definition for an isometric contraction
The muscle generates a force, but the muscle length remains unchanged.
How is cardiac output calculated?
Cardiac output = strole volume x heart rate
Gaseous exchange occurs at two sites in the body
Alveoli/capillary interface in the lungs and capillary / muscle tissue interface in the body
Give an example of how limited resources could be a barrier to physical activity
Sample answers could include:
- Having limited facilities for play at recess or lunch in schools can increase sedentary behaviour (time sitting chatting with friends)
- Lacking playground spaces for young children can limit opportunities for play based activities outdoors (indoor play centres can be costly)
What is a function of the thoracic vertebrae?
Connects with the ribs to form the ribcage, providing protection for vital organs like the heart and lungs.
Identify the axis, force and resistance in a hockey push pass
Axis: shoulder
Force: deltoid
Resistance: ball
Define hyperthermia
A rise in core temperature greater than 37.5- 38.3
Describe the movement of the diagram and intercostal muscles during inspiration
When the diaphragm contracts, it pulls downwards on the ribcage, thereby expanding the volume of the chest cavity. The intercostal muscles between each pair of ribs contract to help pull the ribcage outwards, also increasing the size of the chest cavity.
Identify 3 peices of information a pre screen questionnaire should be designed to collect
A person's current physical activity
Current sedentary behaviour levels
Any pre existing medical issues
Goal setting
Informed consent
Identify the five main functions of the skeletal system.
Explain the all of nothing principle
The all or nothing principle states a motor unit will not contract at all until the neural signal reaches the required threshold, then it will contract maximally. However, if the impulse is too weak, no fibres will contract and no muscle activation will occur.
Define vasodilation
Blood vessels will increase their diameter to accommodate the increase in blood flow
Identify 3 responses of the respiratory system to physical activity
- increased respiratory rate
- increased tidal volume
- increased ventilation
- increased diffusion
- increased VO2 max
Describe one local or government intiative that is aimed at improving participation in physical activity
Various (must be an existing program or intiative)