Research Methods
A testable prediction of the relationship between the IV and DV.
Hypothesis
A division of the nervous system, comprised of the brain and spinal cord.
central nervous system
stress experienced as a positive psychological state
eustress
the long-lasting strengthening of connections between neurons
Long Term Potentiation
A type of sleep where the sleeper experiences rapid eye movement beneath closed eyelids
REM sleep
The process of _____________ involves providing information about a specific phobia, its treatment and mental health services to the friends/family of a patient
psychoeducation
How many students are currently enrolled at CCW? Approx.
1200
Participants understand the nature of the research, including any potential benefits and risks, before agreeing to participate
Informed Consent
Branching fibres of a neuron that conduct electrical signals
Dendrites
A stimulus (internal or external) that prompts the stress respons
Stressor
The name of a condition where a person is unable to visualise thigns in their mind
Aphantasia
A device that detects, amplifies and records the electrical activity of the brain
EEG
Drugs that target GABA receptors in the brain.
GABA Agonists/ benzos
What does a camel store in its hump?
Fat
A researcher hypothesised that listening to music while studying would divide student’s attention, and therefore result in poorer academic performance than those who did not listen to music.
What is the DV?
Student academic performance
An involuntary, immediate response to sensory stimuli that occurs at the spinal cord
Spinal reflex
A quick and intense response to a threat, resulting in confronting it, escaping it, or being still in the face of it
fight-flight-freeze response
The capacity of STM
7 +- 2 items
When an individual does not sleep during a 24 hour period
Total sleep deprivation
3 Biological factors for maintaining mental wellbeing (as per the study design)
adequate nutrition, hydration, sleep
Ph.d stands for
Doctor of Philosophy
Between Subjects, Within Subjects, Mixed Design
Main neurotransmitter that typically produces an inhibitory effect
GABA
A model of stress which tracks how an organism physiologically responds to a stressor over time
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) model
The type of learning involved in classical conditioning
Unconscious / involuntary
Having a BAC of 0.05 is the same as _____ hours without sleep
17 hours
A mental health state that involves a combination of thoughts, feelings and/or behaviours associated with significant personal distress and an impaired ability to function
Mental Health Disorder
Baby owls are called...
owlets
An experimental design in which participants are split by random allocation into two groups: one that is exposed to the IV, and one that is not ___________
Between groups
The substance which protects the axon of a neuron and insulates neural messages
myelin sheath
A stage of responding to a stressor that occurs when the body’s energy is depleted and it can no longer maintain high levels of arousal
exhaustion
A natural (unlearned) behavior to a given stimulus
UCR
A newborn infant sleeps for around ___________ a day
15-16 hours
What is the purpose of breathing retraining?
Slow breathing to minimise hyperventilation/activate parasympathetic NS
What’s The Total Number Of Dots On A Pair Of Dice?
42
What are the 3 'Measures of Central Tendency' we can use in descriptive statistics to summarise results?
Mean, Median, Mode
a neuron that transmits information to the following neuron
pre-synaptic neuron
The process of evaluating the resources available and required in order to cope with a stressor
Secondary Appraisal
A type of consequence that involves taking away a stimulus to encourage a behaviour to occur again
Negative reinforcement
What is the difference in the purpose of NREM and REM sleep?
NREM sleep is to repair the body, where as REM is to repair the mind
Tom was bitten by a dog and now has a specific phobia of dogs. When he recalls the story about the incident, he describes the dog as being much bigger and vicious than it actually was.
Memory Bias
What colour is a giraffe's tongue?
Blue
What is a benefit of using a Within Subjectss experimental design?
No participant differences between groups
a branch of the ANS responsible for activating the body’s visceral organs, muscles, and glands for increased activity or when under threat
sympathetic nervous system
A kind of coping with stress that involves minimising its effects indirectly, without confronting the actual stressor or its source
Avoidance coping
Neural plasticity
Environmental time cues that help to maintain the biological clock to a 24hr day.
zeitgebers
After she was bitten by a dog, Trin developed a phobia of dogs. According to a behavioural model, it is likely that Trin's phobia of dogs has been precipitated by ______ but is perpetuated by__________.
Classical conditioning; operant conditioning
First toy to be advertised on TV
Mr Potatohead
Name the 5 Ethical Concepts in VCE Psych:
Beneficence, integrity, justice, non-maleficence and respect
the branch of the PNS responsible for connecting the CNS and the body’s visceral (non-skeletal) organs, muscles and glands like the heart and liver
autonomic nervous system
A hormone which releases glucose to energise the body when under stress
cortisol
structure located deep within the brain that has a crucial role in processing emotions
amygdala
the number of brainwaves per second
frequency
The right of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people to freely control their political status and pursue their cultural, social and economic development
self-determination
How many km does Ms Iskov drive to get to school each day?
70 km
The extent to which the investigation measures what it intends to measure
validity
Neurons that communicate neural impulses between other neurons
interneurons
Low amounts of dopamine has been found in individuals suffering from
Parkinson's disease
structure located deep within the brain that has a crucial role in the consolidation of most of our memories
Hippocampus
the height of the peaks and troughs in brainwaves
amplitude
The preservation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ cultures over time, and the sense of history, identity and belonging this provides
cultural continuity
What is cynophobia?
Fear of dogs
How likely it is that the same results would be obtained by another researcher, or repeated experiment
Reliability
How are neuromodulators different to neurotransmitters?
Can increase/decrease neural activity across a wider area of the brain, not just one synapse
An individual who can adjust or change their coping strategies depending on the unique and changing demands of a stressor is demonstrating ______ _______.
Coping flexibility
Name 2 of the 3 symptoms of Alzheimers Disease
Amyloid plaques / neurofibrillary tangles / cortical shrinkage.
A category of sleep disorder which interferes with the normal regulation of the circadian rhythm of sleep, leading to a change in the sleep-wake cycle
Circadian phase disorder
Describe the 3 ways that we consider mental wellbeing in psychology?
Functioning, Resilience and SEWB
What country drinks the most beer per capita?
The Czech Republic