Vertebrate Basics
What five major groups make up vertebrates?
Mammals, amphibians, reptiles, fish and birds.
Amphibians eat what to get their nourishment?
Insects and small vertebrates.
Urodela/Caudata
This part of a birds body is specially shaped to help them fly.
Wings
This structure, present in all chordate embryos, is a flexible rod that may become the spine in vertebrates.
Notochord
All vertebrates have this structure running down their back.
Backbone/spine
Most fish have this type of feeding structure that helps them filter small organisms from water.
Gills
No legs
Birds have this type of lung ventilation that allows one-way airflow and efficient gas exchange:
Unidirectional airflow or a one way respiratory system
This class of jawed fish has skeletons made of cartilage.
Chondrichthyes
This class undergoes metamorphosis and lays eggs in water.
Amphibians
Carnivores like lions and wolves typically have these types of teeth for tearing meat.
Carnassials or canines
This organism has tentacles located on their heads which help them detect prey underground.
Ceacilians
What hard structure helps birds eat different types of food like seeds insects & fish?
Their beaks
Vertebrates evolved from this broader phylum that includes all animals with a notochord.
Chordata
This is the part of the nervous system protected by vertebrae.
Spinal cord
Animals that only eat plants and animals are called what?
Herbivores
Most reptiles are classified as this, meaning they reply on external sources of heat to regulate body temperature.
Ectothermic (cold-blooded)
Endothermic
Amphibians evolved from which era and aprox. how many years ago?
Paleozoic era - 300/400 years ago.
The term for animals that regulate their body temperature internally.
Endothermic (warm-blooded)
Animals consume what, of food at a time instead of nibbling.
Chunks
The largest group of living reptiles which includes crocodiles and alligators, belongs to what order?
Crocodylia
Can penguins fly?
No they cannot
This group of vertebrates is fully endothermic and has high metabolic rates and insulation.
Birds & Mammals