Vertebrates
What type of skeleton do vertebrates have?
Internal
What are fish covered in? (on the outside)
Scales
How could you describe the skin of amphibians?
Smooth with no hair or scales
What does it mean that most reptiles are ¨terrestrial¨?
That they have adapted to live on land(although some are also adapted to live in water)
Are mammals endo or ecto thermic?
They are endothermic vertebrates
What kind of reproduction do vertebrates use?
Sexual
They can be oviparous, viviparous, or ovoviviparous
How do fish propel themselves through the water?
With their fins
Why is it said that amphibians live a ¨double life¨?
They live both on land and in water
What does is mean that birds are ¨endothermic¨?
That they can regulate their own temperature
Are humans monotremes, marsupials, or placentals?
Which subtype of this group are we?
Placentals
Primates
Vertebrates have a complete digestive system. What are 2 parts of the vertebrate digestive system?
1)mouth
2)oesophagus
3)stomach
4)intestines
5)glands for digestion
What does it mean that fish have fusiform bodies?
That their bodies have a shape that widens in the middle and is smaller at both ends.
What does it mean that most amphibians are tetrapods?
They have four limbs
How do reptiles breath and what do they eat?
Lungs
They are carnivarous mostly, except for lizards and turtles which are herbivores
What are the three types of mammals?
Monotremes, Marsupials, Placental
What is one of the two functions of vertebrate skin?
1) sensing the environment
2)protecting the animal
Give two facts about cartilaginous fish:
Skeletons made of cartilage
Gills are open to the environment
Caudal fin is heterocercal
Skin has dermal denticles
Etc.
What are the two classifications of amphibian?
Anuran order(without a tail)
Urodela(with a tail)
What special feature do the lungs of birds have?
What kind of reproduction do they use?
1)Air sacs
2)Reproduce sexually through internal fertilisation, and are oviparous.
What are two traits that set humans apart from other mammals?
Our brains are highly developed
We are bipedal
Opposable thumbs
Our bipedal position frees our arms to manipulate a variety of tools
Etc.
What does it mean that vertebrates have articulated limbs?
Their limbs include two or more parts connected by flexible joints
Give three facts about bony fish:
Skeleton made of bone tissue
They have a mouth at the end of their head(terminal mouth)
Gills are protected by an operculum
Claudal fin is homocercal
Their bodies are covered in scales
They have a swim bladder
Etc.
What kind of reproduction do amphibians use, and what is metamorphosis?
Reproduce sexually and using external fertilisation, they´re oviparous
For metamorphasis, adults lay eggs in water and the larvae hatch. Larvae have teeth and long tail but no limbs. They breath through gills. As larvae grow, they develop limbs and lungs so they can live out of water. In some cases they lose their tail.
What are the four orders of reptiles?
Cryptodira
Ophidia
Lizards
Crocodilia
How are monotremes, marsupials, and placental animals differentiated(grouped by their unique characteristics)?
By the way their embryos develop:
Monotremes are oviparous
Marsupials are viviparous and have a pouch where young develops
Placental animals are viviparous and their babies are nurished through the placenta