PROBLEM SOLVING
FACTORS, MULTIPLES, PRIME NUMBERS, AND COMPOSITE NUMBERS
Patterns and Rules
Unknown Variable Equations
EQUATIONS
100

Matt made some cupcakes. He put 52 sprinkles on each one. What is a reasonable estimate of the number of sprinkles on 5 cupcakes? 

A. 50

B. 545

C. 250

D.450

C. 250 

100

Find all the factor pairs for the number 24.

1,2,3,4,6,8,12,24

100

What is the rule for this pattern?

8,16,24,32,40,

What number comes next?

48

100

It takes 45 minutes for Pete to do his homework. That is 5 times longer than it takes him to clean his room. Which equation wold determine the length of time it takes to clean his room?

A. 5 x c = 45 

B. 45 x 5 = c

C. 5 / c = 45

D. 45 x c = 5

A. 5 x c = 45 

100

Jenna has 8 sand dollars. Ethan has 9 times as many. Write an equation to find how many sand dollars Ethan has.

8 x 9 = e

200

A ferry boat is loaded with 45 cars. Each car has 4 people in it. There are also 82 people who walked on the ferry without car. How many people are on the ferry in all? 

262

200

Find the first six multiples of 8.

8,16,24,32,40,48

200

What is the rule for this pattern? 

2 , 6 , 4 , 12 , 10 , ?

What number comes next? 

multiply by 3, subtract 2


The next number will be 30.

200

An orange t-shirt costs $9, a green one costs 4 times as much. Which equation could be used to find the cost of the green shirt?

A. $9 + 4 = s 

B. 4 x s = $9 

C. $9 x 4 = s 

D. $9 x s = 4  

C. $9 x 4 = s 

200

Markers come in packs of 6. Mrs. Jingle bought 7 packs of markers. Write an equation to find how many markers she bought in all.

6 x 7 = m

300

A building downtown has 15 floors. The Times skyscraper next door has 5 times more floors  plus 11 more floors. How many floors are in the Times skyscraper? 

86 floors 

300

Is 36 a multiple of both 6 and 9? 

Yes. 

300

What is the rule for this table? 

m - 6  9  15  21  24

n -  2  3   5    7    ?

What number completes the table?

m divided by 3 equals n 

The number that completes the table will be 8.

300

Logan made 42 muffins for the county fair bake off. Macy made 7 muffins. How many times more muffins did Logan make?

A. 42 x 7 = m

B. m / 7 = 42

C. m+ 7 = 56

D. 42 / 7 = m

D. 42 / 7 = m

300

Write an equation that goes with the statement, 20 is 4 times as many as 5 and 5 times as many as 4.

20 = 4 x 5 = 5 x 4 

400

The fourth grade is going on a haunted house ride. Each haunted house car holds 6 kids. If 73 kids are going, how many haunted house cars will they needed? 

13 haunted hour cars 

400

Is 21 a prime or composite number? 

Composite.
400

What is the rule for this table?

c         d 

27      16 

24      13

20      9

18      7    

16      ?

What number completes the table?

Rule: subtract 11 

The number that completes the table is 5.

400

At a pet store a guinea pig costs $35, a puppy costs 9 times as much. Which equation would determine the cost of the puppy? 

A. $35 + 9 = p 

B. 9 x p = $35 

C. $35 x p = 9 

D. $35 x 9 = p

D. $35 x 9 = p

400

Write an equation that goes with the statement, 56 is 7 times as many as 8 and 8 times as many as 7.

56 = 8 x 7 = 7 x 8 

500

Max made cupcakes to sell at the school carnival. He made 95 cupcakes and he is putting them in boxes with with 4 cupcakes each. How many boxes can he fill completely? 

23 full cupcake boxes 

500

Is 47 a prime or composite number? 

Prime.

500

Susan collected 7 pounds of paper to recycle. Elsie collected 84 pounds of paper. Which equation would show how many times more pounds of paper Elsie collected? 

A. 84 x 7 = p

B. 84 / 7 = p

C. p + 7 = 84 

D. 7 / p = 84 

B. 84 / 7 = p

500

Jessica has three times as many stickers as Lisa. If Lisa has 6 stickers, how many stickers does Jessica have?

6 x 3 = j 

Jessica has 18 stickers.