Blood Pressure Regulation
These two units aid in the electrical activity of the heart and are affected by both the Parasympathetic and Sympathetic divisions.
What are the SA and AV nodes?
The urinary tract is a complex system consisting of these 4 integral structures. What are the 4 structures involved in the urinary tract?
What are the Kidneys, Ureters, Urinary Bladder and Urethtra?
This type of nephron function contributes the greatest amount of fluid into the lumen of the tubule.
What is tubular secretion?
GFR is maintained by the kidneys within a certain range. What is the pressure range to which autoregulation is optimal?
What is 80mmHg to 180mmHg?
Of all the parameters of Ohms Law, Q = Change in Pressure / Resistance; how does a change in diameter affects the resistance in the blood vessels?
What is, as the diameter in the blood vessels decreases, the resistance to flow increases. As the diameter of the blood vessels increases, the resistance to flow decreases?
One of the functions of the kidney is to serve as a pathway for certain hormones. Which hormone is responsible for the regulation of Na+ and water?
What is Renin?
These feet-like cells prevent large molecules from being filtered.
What are podocytes?
Which cell types of the JuxtaGlomerular Apparatus sense Na+ and Cl- concentrations?
What are the Macula Densa cells?
Jane's pet dog, Charliepoo was brought to the emergency room. Dr. Vee observed Charliepoo and found the following readings. A Stroke Volume of 31ml. A Heart Rate reading of 14beats/min & A TPR of 0.47.
What is the Blood Pressure recorded?
What is 203.98mmHg?
BP = CO (Hr x SV) * TPR
BP = (31*14) x .47
These types of nephrons are found predominantly in animals such as dogs, cats, and dessert rats and are essential in concentrating urine.
What are Juxtamedullary nephrons?
This type of force is a result of the proteins found in the blood and affects fluid filtration in the glomerular capillaries.
What is Glomerular Colloid Osmotic Pressure?
In the RAAS system, a decrease in blood pressure leads to a series of activities that aid in regulating the parameter. Angiotensin I is converted to Angiotensin II via which enzyme?
What is Angiotensin Converting Enzyme?
In response to high blood pressure, what would be the effect on the parasympathetic system?
What is stimulate the Vagus nerve to reduce heart rate and in turn, cardiac output?
What is the functional unit of the kidney called?
What is the nephron?
Which animal accounts for 4 million nephrons per kidney?
What is the Cow?
Different substances are regulated at each section of the nephron. Which portion of the nephron is glucose absorbed at 100%?
What is the proximal tubule?
In response to low blood pressure, what would be the effect on the sympathetic system?
What is stimulate alpha and beta receptors to decrease diameter size and increase muscle contraction which leads to an increase in stroke volume and subsequently cardiac output?
The kidney has a major role in the excretion of waste products. Which of the following substances is considered endogenous? Saccharine. Urea. Penicillin. Inulin.
What is urea?
Vasoconstriction of the Efferent Arteriole would cause what change in GFR and GHP?
What is both an increase in GFR and GHP?
Which hormone is critical for the reabsorption of H2O in the collecting duct?
What is Anti Diuretic Hormone?