Anesthesia/Analgesia
How often should you monitor anesthetized patients
What is 5 minutes
Tip: circulation, oxygenation, and ventilation
Add 5% Dextrose to 150 mls LRS
How much will you pull up?
What is 15 mls
These two drugs are known as Hypnotics
What is Propofol and Ketamine
Tip: hypnotics induce sleep
This is a critical emergency that needs surgery and it happens mostly in large deep chested dogs. Symptoms include vomiting, hypersalivating, distended abdomen, and unproductive retching.
What is GDV
A Common Anticholinergic used in Emergencies
What is Atropine?
Tip Example: Anticholinergics are drugs that block the action of acetylcholine (causes bradycardia etc..) which is a neurotransmitter.
Amount of air inspired per breath
What is Tidal Volume ?
Tip Example: 10-15ml/kg
Add 40 mEq/L KCL to 150 mls LRS
How much KCL will you pull up?
What is 3 mls
Common Agonist-Antagonist
What is Butorphanol or Buprenorphine
Life threatening hypersensitivity reaction. Severe symptoms include hypotension, vomiting, collapse, bradycardia, and urticaria.
What is anaphylaxis
A common arrhythmia in dogs where the rate varies with respiration causing an irregular rhythm
What is a Sinus arrhythmia?
Three main Hypos when a patient is under anesthesia
What is Hypocapnea, Hypoventilation, and Hypothermia?
Reglan (5 mg/ml) 2 mg/kg/day
Patients weight is 10kgs and the fluid rate is 20 ml/hr.
How much reglan will you put into a 100 mls of an LRS Buretrol?
What is ~0.83 mls
Reversal for Benzodiazepenes
What is Flumazenil?
The animals body's response to lack of oxygen in tissues
-mechanism to preserve vital organs where the body sends oxygen to the most important places
hint: think of our extremely hypovolemic cases
What is shock
A drug used to improve the contractility of muscle fibers
What is an inotropic agent
Correct drug answers: Pimobendan, dobutamine, dopamine
Selection of Drug combinations that address multiple parts of pain pathways
What is Multimodal Analgesia?
Tip Example: Opioid +alpha 2 agonist + Local Block
I want 12 mls of 25 mcg/ml Fentanyl (conc. 50mcg/ml)
How many mls of Fentanyl? How many mls of diluent?
What is 6 mls of Fentanyl and 6 mls of Saline
A common vasopressor used in CPR
What is epinephrine
Asystole, PEA, pulseless V tach, Vfib
What are common arrhythmias in CPR
Class 1B Antiarrhythmic: This is a sodium channel blocker
What is Lidocaine
When monitoring anesthesia what is the most important tool
What is YOURSELF
CRI- Ketamine 5 mg/ml Dilution (For a 25 kg animal running at 5mcg/kg/min.) In an ICU setting ideally create a CRI to run for 12 hours. Syringe size 20 mls
How much ketamine will you pull up and how much saline?
What is 1 ml of Ketamine and 19 mls of Saline
Increases water excretion by the kidneys and is used to treat fluid accumulation Examples: Pulmonary edema or ascites
What is a Diuretic
Furosemide
A hormonal disorder that affects dogs and occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough of the hormone cortisol. This can be life threatening and clinical signs can include: vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, increased thirst and urination, lethargy, bradycardia, melena, and collapse.
What is Addisons or Hypoadrenocorticism
Inability to pump blood effectively to deliver oxygen to all tissues. Cardiac output is too low.
What is heart failure