Genomes
These viruses replicate inside of the host cell’s cytoplasm using the host cell’s components.
What are DNA viruses
Phages are viruses that specifically infect these.
What are bacteria
The complex of nucleic acid and protein packaged in a virus is known as this.
What is a nucleocapsid?
This is the process in which capsid proteins around the viral DNA are removed once the virus enters an animal cell.
What is uncoating?
This is a phage genome that has been integrated into the host chromosome.
What is prophage?
During the intracellular state, a virus exists solely as this.
What is nucleic acid (DNA or RNA - not both)
When a cell has been infected by a phage and the phage genome has been integrated into the host chromosome, the host cell is termed this.
What is a lysogen?
The SARS-CoV-2 virus is round in shape with an outer lipid bilayer. The shape of this virus is called this.
What is icosahedral?
The lytic replication cycle starts with attachment & entry before synthesis and assembly and then ends with this final stage.
What is release?
A retrovirus will not be able to integrate its viral genome into the host cell’s genome unless it carries this enzyme in its viral particle.
What is reverse transcriptase?
This genome most closely resembles eukaryotic mRNA
What is +ssRNA
This component of a virus allows the virus to bind to and enter the host cell.
What is a spike protein?
A virion is the extracellular state of a virus that consist at a minimum of this and a nucleic acid.
What is a protein capsid?
Components of a virus are pieced together in this phase of viral infection.
What is assembly
This type of assay is used to estimate the number of phages in a culture.
What is a plaque assay?
These viruses have single-stranded RNA that acts as a template for DNA synthesis.
What are retroviruses?
This type of infection is occurring when the virus is dormant in the body for years.
What is a latent infection?
The cytoplasmic membrane, the nuclear membrane, and the endoplasmic reticulum can all give rise to this viral structure.
What is an envelope?
New viral proteins are created by the host cell’s machinery in this step of animal virus infection.
What is synthesis?
This allows the genetic material of the phage to be inherited by future generations of cells.
What is lysogeny?
dsRNA viruses and this type of virus must bring their own replicase enzyme to replicate their viral genome.
What is -ssRNA
What is budding?
A virus usually infects only certain types of cells because of interactions between these viral and cellular molecules.
What are surface molecules?
An antiviral drug specifically modifies viral receptors on a eukaryotic host cell by stopping the virus from doing this.
What is attaching to the host cell?
Naked animal viruses can only enter a cell via this process.
What is endocytosis?