Definitions
These viruses enter a cell and immediately begin to multiply.
Active
Are viruses living or nonliving?
nonliving
Name 2 shapes of a bacterial cell.
spherical, rodlike, spiral shaped
Name 1 way to stay healthy.
Eat nutritious food, get plenty of rest and exercise, drink plenty of water, wash your hands often
What is a toxin?
A poison
This is a living thing that provides a source of energy for a virus.
Host
Name 2 ways viruses can be named.
for the disease it causes, for the organisms it infects, the place it was first found, the scientist who found it
List 2 ways bacteria are helpful to people.
Food production, fuel production, environmental recycling and cleanup, production of medicine
What is an infectious disease?
illnesses that pass from one organism to another
What type of bacteria live in extreme environments?
Archaebacteria
What is an antibiotic?
a chemical that can kill bacteria without harming a person's cells
A __________ is a virus that attacks and destroys bacteria.
bacteriophage
Name 3 food formed by bacteria.
Cheese, yogurt, olives, sauerkraut
Name 2 of the 4 ways infectious diseases can spread.
contact with an infected person, contact with a contaminated object, contact with an animal, contact with environmental sources
Bacteria form _______________ to survive unfavorable conditions.
endospores
What is a vaccine?
A substance that stimulates the body to produce chemicals that destroy viruses or bacteria
How do viruses multiply?
By taking over a cell's functions
Most bacteria are surrounded by a rigid protective structure called a ____________.
cell wall
Rabies
What is binary fission?
one cell divides to form 2 identical cells
Organisms that live on a host and cause harm to the host are called
parasites
Which part of a virus determines which host cells it can infect?
Who discovered bacteria?
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
How is chicken pox spread?
contact with the rash, inhaling droplets
Why do viruses only attach to 1 or a few types of cells?
The protein in the coat of the virus will only fit with certain proteins on the surface of a cell.