Key Terms
the complete, infective form of a virus outside a host cell
Virion
The subunit of a capsid
capsomere
This percentage of human DNA comes from viral origin.
8%
By definition, Prions are _______ infectious particles.
Proteinaceous
Infectious agents with genetic material enclosed in a protein coat (capsid):
Virus or Viroid?
Virus
A virus that infects bacteria.
Bacteriophage
This type of virus is composed of a nucleocapsid surrounded by a flexible membrane (envelope), capsid, nucleic acid, spike.
Enveloped Virus
This scientific innovation introduced a way to train the immune system to fight viruses without causing illness.
Vaccines
Viroids typically target this type of host.
plants
Misfolded, infectious form of Prion:
PrPC or PrPSc?
PrPSc
This infectious agent lacks a capsid and primarily infects plants.
Viroid
This type of capsid have rod-shaped capsomeres that bond together to form a series of hollow discs resembling a bracelet
Helical
Past viral _____ have lead to genetic adaptations. For example: small pox , HIV.
pandemics
Prions attached themselves to this type of body cell.
Neuron
lentivirus:
Naked or Enveloped?
Enveloped
After attachment the virus enters the cell by this process, where the viral envelope merges with the host membrane
membrane fusion
Envelopes are composed primarily of this biological macromolecule
lipids
Smallpox was fully eradicated in this decade.
1980's
Prion disease is characterized by progressive ________ degeneration.
neurological
Adenovirus:
DNA or RNA?
DNA
The process in which a virus is engulfed into the cell in a vesicle.
Endocytosis
A 3D, 20-sided figure with 12 evenly-spaced corners.
icosahedron/icosahedral
Viruses contribute to genetic variation by influencing mutation and ______ rates.
The prion disease, Scrapie primarily effects this animal.
Sheep.
hepatitis B virus:
Naked helical or enveloped icosahedral?
enveloped icosahedral