Introduction and General Structure of Viruses
T/F Viruses can infect every type of cell.
True
What is the term for the process where a virus attaches to specific receptors on a host cell's membrane?
Adsorption
T/F: Antibiotics are effective for viral infections.
False
What are prions made up of?
Composed of protein and has no nucleic acid.
T/F Viruses are considered alive because they can reproduce independently.
False
What three main criteria are used to group viruses?
Structure, chemical composition, and genetic similarities
What are the primary mode of defense against viral diseases?
Vaccines
What kind of plants do viroids mainly target?
Tomatoes, potatoes, cucumbers, citrus trees, and chrysanthemums
_________ viruses are sensitive to alcohol, detergent, and UV light.
Enveloped
What is the difference between how enveloped viruses and nonenveloped viruses exit a host cell?
Enveloped viruses exit by budding, and nonenveloped viruses exit by lysis.
Clinical trials are currently underway to utilize viruses to target and destroy human _________ cell.
Cancer
What disease causes loss of coordination/balance or becoming slow/stiff? It also causes changes in speech and loss of control of other bodily functions.
Multiple System Atrophy
Most "________" are quiet, but some help fight bacterial infections.
Viromes
Name a structural feature that might be used to classify a virus.
Shape, envelope presence, or capsid symmetry
What are some examples discussed today of diseases that can cause long-term disability?
Polio, neonatal rubella
The Delta Agent is a naked circle of RNA that is expressed only in the presence of the _________ virus and can worsen the severity of________ damage.
Hepatitis B; liver