Water Soluble Vitamins
Large doses of nicotinic acid are used to treat certain types of hyperlipidemias.
True
False
True
Biotin appears to be a safe vitamin supplement as there has been no toxicity reported from oral biotin ingestion nor is there a Tolerable Upper Intake Level established.
True
False
True
Studies have shown no adverse effects even with high intakes of biotin and it is considered nontoxic.
Production of active Vitamin D requires skin, sunlight, cholesterol, the liver, and the kidneys.
True
False
True
Vitamin E primarily functions as:
a. An antioxidant
b. a coenzyme in energy metabolism
c. A hormone
d. A structural component of cell membranes
a. an antioxidant
Vitamin B12 deficiency is likely to occur following:
a. Gall bladder removal
b. Colon surgery
c. Surgical removal of the stomach
d. Esophagus surgery
c. surgical removal of the stomach
Intrinsic factor, which is required for vitamin B12, is secreted in the stomach.
A thiamin deficiency occurs most often in:
a. Individuals who eat unenriched grains
b. Infants
c. Those who consume large amounts of fresh water fish
d. Alcoholics
a. individuals who eat unenriched grains
Cheilosis is is a symptom of a deficiency of which vitamin?
a. Niacin
b. Ascorbic acid
c. Riboflavin
d. Biotin
c. riboflavin
signs of riboflavin deficiency are lesions of the mouth known as cheilosis
Which is NOT related to the function of Vitamin A?
a. Neurological function
b. Growth
c. Immunity
d. Cell differentiation
a. neurological function
Which of the carotenoids has the greatest provitamin A activity?
a. Alpha-carotene
b. Beta-carotene
c. Gamma-carotene
d. Delta-carotene
b. beta-carotene
The RDAs are best described as:
a. The amount of a nutrient to meet the requirements of almost all of the healthy population.
b. The guidelines for individuals who may have experienced a period of inadequate intake.
c. The minimum amount that must be ingested on daily basis to prevent malnutrition.
d. The recommendations that have been calculated to be adequate in all states of health.
a. the amount of a nutrient to meet the requirements of almost all of the healthy population
A major function of Thiamin is:
a. Blood coagulation
b. Formation of red blood cells
c. Energy transformation
d. Collagen formation
c. energy transformation
Thiamine plays a coenzyme role in carbohydrate metabolism.
Riboflavin is found most often in:
a. Meats
b. Green leafy vegetables
c. Seafood
d. Milk and milk products
d. milk and milk products
Which tocopherol form of Vitamin E has biologic activity?
a. Alpha
b. Beta
c. Gamma
d. Delta
a. Alpha tocopherol
Which of the following conditions is associated with Vitamin K deficiency?
a. night blindness
b. hemorrhagic disease of the newborn
c. ricketts
d. scurvy
b. hemorrhagic disease of the newborn
For nutrients known to be essential, but for which evidence is insufficient to determine an RDA, guidelines have been developed called:
a. Recommended Daily Intakes
b. Adequate Intakes
c. Minimum Daily Intake
d. Estimated Dietary Minimum
b. adequate intakes
A schilling test is used to:
a. Determine if a vitamin B12 deficiency is due to malabsorption
b. Determine if an anemia is due to B12 or folate deficiency
c. Determine if a patient has pellagra
d. Determine vitamin B6 status
a. determine if a vitamin B12 deficiency is due to malabsorption
Which classical vitamin deficiency is known for the four Ds: dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea, and death?
a. Thiamin
b. Niacin
c. Biotin
d. Folic acid
b. Niacin
Which of the following is a symptom of Vitamin E deficiency?
a. hemolytic anemia
b. osteomalacia
c. pellagra
d. beriberi
a. hemolytic anemia
Which form of Vitamin A is most active in the human body?
a. retinol
b. beta-carotene
c. retinoic acid
d. retinal
a. retinol
In what way are water soluble vitamins absorbed?
a. Directly into the lymphatic system
b. Into the portal blood
c. Attached to proteins in the large intestine
d. Through the stomach wall into capillaries
b. into the portal blood
Water soluble vitamins are absorbed directly into the bloodstream in the small intestine, with the exception of vitamin B12 which is absorbed bound to intrinsic factor.
When the diet is adequate in protein, the body can synthesize Niacin from:
a. phenylalanine
b. valine
c. tyrosine
d. tryptophan
d. tryptophan
5-Methyl THF requires the action of which vitamin in order to form THF?
a. Vitamin B12
b. Vitamin B2
c. Niacin
d. Vitamin C
a. Vitamin B12
5-MTHF is a key form of folate, and plays a key role in the folate cycle, a metabolic cycle essential for processes, such as DNA synthesis and amino acid metabolism
Which fat-soluble vitamin is essential for the synthesis of prothrombin?
a. vitamin A
b. vitamin D
c. Vitamin E
d. Vitamin K
d. Vitamin K
Excessive intake of which fat-soluble vitamin can lead to hypervitaminosis?
a. Vitamin A
b. Vitamin D
c. Vitamin E
d. Vitamin K
Vitamin A
Synthesis of Coenzyme A starts with the phosphorylation of which vitamin?
a. Pyridoxal phosphate
b. Pantothenic Acid
c. Vitamin E
d. Folic acid
b. pantothenic acid
pantothenic acid is a key precursor to coenzyme A, which is a crucial molecule in metabolism