🐤🐓🐣Enteric/Infectious Dxs of Poultry🐤🐓🐣
1) this dx has a clinical sign of dilated intestines filled with yellowish, frothy, watery contents
2) this dx has a clinical sign of green to brown, watery, frothy droppings with mucus and urates
1) rotavirus in chickens, turkeys, and pheasants
2)coronaviral enteritis of turkeys
1)What do infectious vs noninfectious look like in food animal (3 simple clinical signs?)
2) What are four factors that affect GI function and dysfunction?
3) A group of calves has a 1% incidence of acute gas bloat (dead calves) over the last 10 days... what should I do about it? is it mild moderate or severe?
4) how do you make an assessment in a population?
1) diarrhea, acute death, reduced performance
2) nutrition, housing, pathogens, normal flora
3) Severe bc acute death. 1% tell you probably do nothing, system is set up to allow some instance of dx
4) Measurment=counting=assessment, counting case definitions get some sense of who and where.
Structural Cellulose is involved with preventing ph balance by?
rumination-producing salivary HCO3 to buffer the acid produced from VFAs production from the cows
This is abnormal motility/function of reticulorumen or abomasum. Physical or functional outflow obstruction of rumen or abomasum.
2) this is the pathogenesis
What is vagal indigestion
2) decreased reticular or abomasal motility, decrease passage of ingesta, increase feed retention in rumen, loss of rumen stratification and overfilling of the rumen
1) What happens in an LDA?
2) susp if lda if?
1) The abomasum moves from right cranioventral to left between body wall and rumen filled with gas up up.
2) cow is holstein, recently calved, sudden decrease in milk production, sudden decrease in appetite, other dx such as milk fever, ketosis, retained placenta
This is the most common lymphoproliferative dx of chickens
2) This group of RNA viruses that only happens in chickens is easily inactivated by disenfectants
marek's dx
2) What is lymphoid leukosis
Neonates for Gi Dx are most likely do get?
infectious.
1) in the cow calf-system is there lots of limited opportunity for GI dysfunction and what is ratio of forage they are on?
2) for background/stocker/ feedlot arrival, what percent of grain are they on and is their rumen microbiome and consistence normal?
3) feedlot finishing percent of grain? and is their rumen microbiome and consistence normal?
4)lactating dairy cows percent of grain? and is their rumen microbiome and consistence normal?
5) non-lactating dairy cows percent of grain? and is their rumen microbiome and consistence normal?
1) bloat on some types of forage (fresh, grazed), abomasal impaction with some poor quality feed. 80% + forage
2) 35-65% grain, normal for now
3) 80% + grain, its different.
4)50% grain, high dry matter intake. normal but altered. to maintain health have to meet fiber needs and energy needs
5) 80% forage diet, often includes straw to keep energy low. normal and normal. to maintain health must minimize DMI prior to calving and meet but not exceeding energy requirements.
These are the four types of vagal indigestion
-type 1-bloat (free gas, froth, or choke)
-type 2-failure of omasal transport (regional peritonitis involving the reticulum (hardware dx)
-type 3-failure of transpyloric outflow (intraluminal obstruction- sand or feed), (extraluminal obstruction-tumor)
-type 4-indigestion of late pregnancy
1) on PE what are two things an LDA will have
2) TX?
1) typically ketotic urine dipstick and ping on L ribs 13-8
2) sx or toggle, tx ketosis, transfaunation, antibotics, NSAIDS
This nervous system dx has the clinical sign of green wings and is known as the crazy chick dx.
2) This nervous system dx has the clinical sign of fine tremors and head and neck
3) This nervous system dx has the clinical sign of limberneck and no lesions
1) what is encephalomalacia-vit e def
2) avian encephalomyelitis
3) botulism
young/peri-weaning are most likely to get for GI dx?
In dairy displaced abomasum is identified by these factors
1) what are decreased milk or feed intake and PE
TRP
1) main clinical sign
2) TX
3) if respond to tx, if not?
4) what is their posture?
1) decreased DMI
2) magnet, antibiotics, NSAIDs
3) if respond-normal cow! Yay!. if not =chronic progressive regional peritonitis-> reticular motility-> vagal indigestion
4) arched back and resist withers pinch
2) In RDA with volvlous how is displaced and what are poor prognostic indicators?
3) suspect RDA-V if?
4) at what level HR is immediate surgery. and on blood work what decreases prognosis?
5) TX
1) cecal dilation
2) caudal and dorsal displacement, counterclockwise rotation. If involve omasum, or complete obstruction.
3) holstein, early lactation, acutely off feed, dramatically decreased milk production
4) above 100. Blood work decrease CL <80
5) TX r flank laparotomy: supportive care: fluids, flunixin, antibotics
This systemic dx should be suspected in flocks that have been AI 4-5 days before an episode of death without clinical signs
What is erysipelas
mid growing period likely to get?
odd ball infection
1) For Young-calves-beef diarrhea is seen more in pasture or confinement? and what is a solution that helps?
2) this is the primary issue in feedlot beef cattle
1) confinement, sandhills calving system
2) respiratory dx
For abmasal outflow dysfunction diagnosis
1) what is serum chemistry and what other dsyfunction has this
2) so what is used to differentiate?
3) prognosis?
1) low cl, low k, metabolic alkalosis-omasal
2) rumen Cl, if abomasal rumen Cl be above 30 vs omasal normal less than 30
3) poor
RDA poor prognostic indicators
2)complications?
1) cl below 80, large volume of fluid in abdomen. discolored serosa ( vascular compromise)
2) loss of abomasal motility, ulcers, peritonitis
This parasite has liver and cecal lesions togethers are pathognomonic
histomoniasis-blackhead, enterohepatitis
adult (females) are?
metabolic messes
True
This is the Tx for abomsal impaction and remind me what type of vagal indigestion it is
Ruminal tympany is the type of vagal indigestion, if the stomach tube relives gas it is this type? if poloxalene is used it is this kind, and if it won't pass it is this kind?
1) mineral oils and fluids, type 3 (failure of pyloric transit). if not respond sx, abomastomy and empty contents
2) type 1. Free gas, frothy, choke.
DA risk factors
-milk fever, retained placenta, ketosis
-low DMI post partium, over feeding energy in dry period, low fiber/high starch diet
-lactating dairy cows, age-more common in 2nd plus lactation cows, but not true in all herds