Neuro Map Mayhem
A dog has delayed paw replacement but can still move the limb with normal strength. The problem is most likely in this type of pathway rather than a pure motor pathway.
Answer: What is a sensory/proprioceptive pathway?
A patient with otitis media develops miosis, ptosis, enophthalmos, and third eyelid protrusion on the same side. This syndrome explains the eye signs.
Answer: What is Horner syndrome?
A drug blocks voltage-gated sodium channels to prevent action potential propagation in sensory nerves.What is this drug class?
Answer: What are local anesthetics?
A flat, circumscribed, nonpalpable color change less than 1 cm is called this; if it is larger than 1 cm, it becomes this.
Answer: What are a macule and a patch?
These are the three major phases of wound healing.
Answer: What are inflammatory, repair/proliferative, and remodeling phases?
A dog has normal thoracic limbs, pelvic limb weakness, pelvic limb proprioceptive ataxia, and normal-to-increased pelvic limb reflexes. This spinal cord region best fits.
Answer: What is T3–L3?
A vestibular patient has altered mentation, proprioceptive deficits, and multiple cranial nerve deficits. This localization is more likely than peripheral vestibular disease.
Answer: What is central/brainstem vestibular disease?
A patient receives propofol for induction. The animal has smooth induction and recovery but no analgesia and may develop apnea after bolus administration. What receptor system is the main target?
Answer: What is GABA-A receptor modulation?
A dog has multifocal patchy alopecia on the trunk. The top three differentials emphasized in class are these.
Answer: What are bacterial infection, dermatophytosis, and demodicosis?
During this wound-healing phase, there is coagulation, debridement, neutrophils early, macrophages later, and little meaningful increase in wound strength.
Answer: What is the inflammatory/lag phase?
A lesion causes LMN signs in the thoracic limbs but UMN signs in the pelvic limbs. This region is affected.
Answer: What is C6–T2?
A dog has vestibular signs, but head tilt and falling are opposite the side of the lesion. What is most likely affected?
Answer: What is the flocculonodular lobe / cerebellar vestibular system?
A patient under ketamine anesthesia has open eyes, muscle tone, and maintained reflexes. This does not necessarily mean the patient is awake because ketamine causes this anesthetic state.
Answer: What is dissociative anesthesia?
A suspected Demodex case should be sampled with this scraping technique, and this endpoint tells you the dermis has been reached.
Answer: What is a deep skin scrape until capillary bleeding?
Fibroblasts differentiate into myofibroblasts with actin-containing microfilaments, pulling wound margins together. This repair-phase process is being described
Answer: What is wound contraction?
A dog develops ascending flaccid paralysis after possible raccoon exposure, but sensation is not affected. This condition best fits.
Answer: What is idiopathic polyradiculoneuritis / coonhound paralysis?
A painful red eye needs anti-inflammatory treatment, but before topical corticosteroids are used, this test should be performed to check for corneal ulceration.
Answer: What is fluorescein staining?
This inhalant property predicts faster induction and faster recovery because the anesthetic equilibrates quickly between alveoli, blood, and brain.
Answer: What is a low blood:gas partition coefficient?
A dry, scaly lesion needs surface cytology for yeast/bacteria, but it is not moist enough for a good impression smear. This sampling method is most appropriate.
Answer: What is a cellophane tape test?
A horse develops excessive granulation tissue after delayed wound healing from movement, infection, foreign material, poor blood supply, or malnutrition. This complication is called this.
Answer: What is exuberant granulation tissue / proud flesh?
This pattern suggests neuromuscular junction disease rather than spinal cord disease: exercise-related weakness, excessive fatigue, megaesophagus, voice change, drooling, and possible aspiration pneumonia.
Answer: What is myasthenia gravis / a junctionopathy?
A dog has dry eye/KCS suspected to be immune-mediated. This ophthalmic drug class can reduce ocular inflammation and increase tear production.
Answer: What is an ophthalmic calcineurin inhibitor, specifically cyclosporine?
A pruritic dog needs targeted itch control. This cytokine is a major itch signal targeted by monoclonal antibody therapy and is also relevant to JAK-STAT signaling.
Answer: What is IL-31?
A raised, purulent, fragile lesion ruptures and later leaves an epidermal collarette. The original primary lesion was most likely this.
Answer: What is a pustule?
This topical wound therapy is used early until a granulation bed forms and supports debridement, granulation, epithelialization, decreased edema/inflammation, collagen/cross-linking, and antibacterial effects.
Answer: What is honey?