Research methods
The variable that is manipulated by the researcher in an experiment
Indepedndent vairble
This neurotransmitter is linked to sleep, mood, and appetite and is targeted by most antidepressants
serotonin
A rat presses a lever and receives food every 5 presses What schedule of reinforcement is this
Fixed Ratio
You studied for Spanish in your bedroom but the test is in a loud classroom and you blank. What memory concept explains this
Context Dependent Memory
Stanley Milgram's obedience study found that most participants would administer what they believed were dangerous shocks simply because an authority figure told them to. What does this tell us about human behavior
People obey authority even against their own conscience
A research method that studies one individual in great depth
Case study
Damage to this brain area can cause anterograde amnesia, meaning you can no longer form new long term memories
Hippocampus
A child watches their older sibling get grounded for breaking curfew and decides never to break curfew themselves What concept explains this
Vicarious Punishment/Observational Learning
A chess expert can look at a board for 5 seconds and recall every piece position A beginner cannot What strategy explains the expert's advantage
Chunking
A normally peaceful person joins a mob and starts vandalizing property. What two concepts from social psychology explain this behavior
Deindividuation and Conformity
The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being observed
Hawthorne Effect
This hemisphere of the brain is typically dominant for language and analytical thinking
Left Hemisphere
You learned to drive in a parking lot but freeze up on the highway because the situation is too different. What concept explains this failure to transfer learning
Stimulus Discrimination
You remember exactly where you were and what you were doing when something major happened. What is this type of vivid emotional memory called
Flashbulb Memory
You do poorly on a test and blame it on the unfair questions You do well and credit your own intelligence. What bias does this demonstrate
Self Serving Bias
A sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of being selected
Random Sample
This part of the nervous system controls fight or flight responses by accelerating heart rate and releasing adrenaline
Sympathetic Nervous System
A dog is conditioned to salivate to a bell. The bell is then paired with a light until the dog salivates to the light alone. What is this called
Higher Order Conditioning
Someone with this type of amnesia can learn new skills but cannot remember learning them and has no memory of events before their injury
Retrograde Amnesia
According to Freud, a person who is extremely aggressive might actually be using this defense mechanism to mask their own feelings of weakness
Reaction Formation
The degree to which a test measures what it is supposed to measure
Validity
A person has a stroke and loses the ability to understand spoken language but can still speak What brain area was damaged
Wernicke's Area
John B. Watson conditioned a baby to fear a white rat by pairing it with a loud noise. The baby then feared all white fluffy objects. Name both the experiment and the concept this demonstrates.
Little Albert Experiment and Generalization
Explain the difference between the misinformation effect and source amnesia and how they both distort memory
Misinformation effect is when false info after an event alters the memory. Source amnesia is forgetting where you learned something. Both corrupt the accuracy of recall.
A researcher finds that people who score high in agreeableness on the Big Five also tend to have more stable relationships. What does this correlation tell us and what does it NOT tell us
It tells us there is a relationship between the two variables but it does not tell us that agreeableness causes stable relationship
correlation does not equal causation