Definition chpt 9
readers draw inferences about the causes and events and the relationship between elements
Constructivist view of inferences
each hemisphere of the brain has somewhat different functions
lateralization
function of language is to communicate meaning
cognitive-functional approach
goal state
the situation at the beginning of the problem
initial state
our understanding of the mental state of others
Theory of Mind
area in front of the brain responsible for speech production
same surface structure can have different meanings
ambiguous structures
chart showing all possible combinations of items
matrix
Cognitive shortcut/general rule that is usually correct
heuristic
readers recognize words by trying to pronounce individual letters
Phonics Approach
complex syntax in which one phrase is embedded in another
nested structure
underlying meaning
deep structure
use information in our immediate environment to create spatial representations
situated cognition approach
use solution from similar problem in past
analogy
translate word into sound before you decide its meaning
indirect access route
we do not wait until an entire sentence is spoken before making judgements about what it means
incremental interpretation
knowledge about the rules that govern language
pragmatics
solution that will always work
algorithm
underlying tone
structural features
readers recognize the written word with the meaning it represents
Whole word approach
trouble producing speech
Broca's aphasia
examines meanings of words and sentences
semantics
try all possible answers
exhaustive search
choosing the alternative that seems to lead most directly toward your goal state
the hill-climbing heuristic