Vocab
a number that summarizes a set of data and that can be computed by adding all the numbers in a list and then dividing by the number of numbers in the list
average
: anything that has mass and takes up space
Matter
water heater
a heating unit that stores and warms water
Things are made of molecules (or other types of atom groups).
1
tiny organisms that are made of a single-cell
bacteria
stability
when something stays mostly the same over time
Groundwater
Water that is underground
to move from one object to another or one place to another
transfer:
8.
For things at the same temperature, the thing with more molecules has more total kinetic energy (thermal energy) than the thing with fewer molecules.
pasteurize
to make something safe to eat or drink by heating it
infer
to reach a conclusion using evidence and reasoning
a small part that is meant to show what the whole is like
Sample
a group of atoms joined together in a particular way
molecule
When two things are in contact, their molecules collide, and kinetic energy transfers from the faster‑moving molecules to the slower‑moving molecules.
5
Change
when something becomes different over time
temperature
a measure of how hot or cold something is
the total kinetic energy of all the molecules that make up a sample
Thermal energy
energy
the ability to make things move or change
True or False
When a thing gets colder, its molecules are moving slower and have less kinetic energy.
True
Infer
to reach a conclusion using evidence and reasoning
a balanced state in which a system is stable, such as when two or more samples are at the same temperature
equilibrium
system
a set of interacting parts forming a complex whole
collision
the moment when two objects hit each other
When a thing gets hotter, its molecules are moving faster and have more kinetic energy.
2
Energy isn’t created or destroyed. Therefore, as energy transfers, it increases in one part of the system as it decreases in another part of the system. The total energy of a system doesn’t change.
6.