Biology
a thin sheet of tissue or layer of cells acting as a boundary, lining, or partition in an organism
Membrane
the attractive force that holds atoms together to form molecules and compounds
Chemical bond
a research approach that explores the "why" and "how" of human behavior and social phenomena by collecting non-numerical data like interviews, observations, and texts
Qualative
the branch of physics that studies the relationship between heat, work, and energy in a system, including how energy is converted and transferred
Thermodynamics
the amount of energy required to convert a substance from a solid to a liquid state at its melting point without a change in temperature
Heat of fusion
a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth
Mentosis
the measure of the amount of a substance (solute) dissolved in a given amount of a solvent or solution
Concentration
uses numerical data and statistical analysis to measure and test relationships between variables
Quantative
the scientific theory that the Earth's outer shell, or lithosphere, is divided into large, rigid plates that are in constant, slow motion
Plate tectonics
the systematic arrangement of organisms into hierarchical groups based on shared characteristics
Classification
the fundamental biological concept that states all living organisms are made of cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, and all cells arise from pre-existing cells
Cell theory
the scientific principle that all matter is composed of discrete, fundamental units called atoms
Atomic theory
the genetic constitution of an individual organism
Genotype
a tentative, testable explanation for an observation or a phenomenon that requires further investigation
Hypothesis
matter that comes from once-living organisms, such as plants and animals, and is composed of carbon-based compounds
Organic matter
a chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons
Covalent bond
the study of the motion of physical objects and the relationship between a body and the forces acting on it, based on Sir Isaac Newton's three laws of motion
Newtonian mechanics
the prevailing scientific explanation for the origin and evolution of the universe, stating that the universe began approximately 13.8 billion years ago from an extremely hot, dense point that rapidly expanded
Big Bang Theory
a thermodynamic quantity representing the unavailability of a system's thermal energy for conversion into mechanical work, often interpreted as the degree of disorder or randomness in the system
Entropy
the study of how organisms, systems, and individuals change to cope with new or changing environments
Adaptation
a chemical bond formed when atoms share electron pairs to achieve a stable electron configuration, such as a full valence shell
Electron configuration
a state in which opposing forces or influences are balanced
Equilibrium
relating to the interrelation of electric currents or fields and magnetic fields
Electromagnetic
the factor in a scientific experiment that is measured and observed to see how it is affected by changes to the independent variable
Dependent variable