Neurogenic Voice Disorders
A 52 year old female with a suspected neurogenic disorder presents with irregular vocal arrests involving the TA muscle. The ENT will most likely diagnose this patient with _______.
adductor spasmodic dysphonia
A tongue too far forward in the mouth is often the primary cause of a _______ sounding voice.
baby
This band of tissue crosses the glottis in about 75% of cases
laryngeal web
Contraction of the interarytenoid muscles draw the arytenoids
A. together OR b. part
A. Together
The narrowing of the space below the glottis and above the first tracheal ring is called this type of stenosis
subglottic
Bilateral vocal fold paralysis is usually the result of lesions high in the trunk of the vagus nerve or at the nuclei of origin in the __________.
Medulla / brainstem
Use of the false vocal folds when there is vocal fold disease is called
compensatory ventricular phonation
A vocal fold cyst is an example of an organic voice disorder. True or False?
True
Laryngeal cartilages are connected to each other by these type of muscles: intrinsic or extrinsic
intrinsic
The primary muscles of inspiration include the _______
diaphram and external intercostals
Disease to the recurrent laryngeal nerve on one side will cause this type of vocal fold paralysis
unilateral
In fear situations, the larynx normally
rises
In addition to granulomas, endotracheal intubation can cause this type of ulcer
contact
The posterior cricoarytenoid muscles (adduct OR abduct) the vocal folds.
abduct
Gas exchange within the lungs occurs in the _______.
alveoli
Individuals presenting with the classic symptoms of Parkinson’s disease typically demonstrated hypokinetic dyphonia marked by reduced
amplitude / loudness
These are the most common benign lesions of the vocal folds in both children and adults
nodules
Laryngeal hemangiomas are similar to contact ulcers and granulomas differing only in the type of lesion. True or False?
True
When vocal folds lengthen, pitch normally _______.
increases
This disease results in passage of gastric juices from the stomach into the esophagus that can penetrate the airway and cause dysphonia
GERD
The type of voice characterized by the production of voice with two distinct frequencies occurring simultaneously is called _______.
diplophonia
The primary function of the larynx is to produce voice. True OR false?
False
Smokers voice is associated with edema in this space
Reinicke's
cricothyroid
Juvenile recurrent respiratory papillomatosis are caused by strand of this type of virus
human papilloma