Show:
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
Seismic Waves
Misc
100
What is the definition of an earthquake?
An earthquake is a strong, sudden movement of the Earth's crust.
100
What is the definition of a volcano?
vent and volcanic cone
100
What are seismic waves?
vibrations created by an earthquake
100
What is the name of the instrument used to measure earthquakes?
Seismograph
200
At what type of plate boundary would you find an earthquake?
Transform boundary
200
What is the difference between magma and lava?
Magma is located beneath the Earth, lava is magma that has reached the surface of the Earth.
200
Which seismic waves are the first to reach a seismograph station?
p-waves
200
What is the record of the earthquake waves called?
seismogram
300
What is a focus?
point beneath Earth's surface where an earthquake starts.
300
List the 3 major differences between a cinder and shield cone.
Cinder has explosive eruptions/shield has quiet eruptions. Cinder is made of layers of rock particles, dust and ash/shield is made from layers of lava Cinder has steep sides and a narrow base/shield has a wide base and gentle slopes.
300
Which type of seismic wave causes the most amount of damage?
L-waves
300
What is the Richter scale?
scale used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake. From 1 (weakest) to 9 (strongest)
400
What is an epicenter?
Place on earth's surface directly above focus. Earth shakes the hardest here.
400
Describe a composite cone.
Wide base/steep sides explosive and quiet eruptions made from layers of lava and layers of rock particles, dust and ash
400
Explain how scientists find the epicenter of an earthquake.
First they record the arrival times of the seismic waves. Then they subtract the p-wave arrival time from the s-wave arrival time. This is called the S-P interval. The S-P interval tells scientists how far away the epicenter is. Lastly, scientists need the S-P interval from 2 other seismograph stations. Where all three of the "circles" meet is where the epicenter it.
400
What strategies do builders use to make structures more capable of handling an earthquake?
cross bracing/shock absorbers