Volcano Basics
A volcano is an opening where this melted rock comes out.
What is magma/lava?
This wide, gentle volcano forms from runny lava.
What is a shield volcano?
The underground pool of melted rock.
What is a magma chamber?
Thick magma can trap gas and cause this type of eruption.
What is an explosive eruption?
A hot spot brings very hot material up from this layer.
What is the mantle?
When magma reaches the surface, it becomes this.
What is lava?
This tall, steep volcano forms from layers of lava and ash.
What is a composite volcano?
The main tube that magma travels through.
What is the central vent?
A fast, deadly cloud of hot gas, ash, and rock.
What is a pyroclastic flow?
Hot spot volcanoes do NOT typically form at these.
What are plate boundaries?
Volcanoes can build new land, such as these.
This small, steep volcano is made of ash and rock pieces.
What is a cinder cone?
The bowl-shaped top of a volcano.
What is the crater?
This volcanic material can rise high and block sunlight.
What is ash?
The Hawaiian Islands formed as the Pacific Plate did this over the hot spot.
What is moved?
Volcanoes release lava, gas, and this powdery material.
What is ash?
A volcano that is “sleeping” but may erupt again.
What is dormant?
A huge sunken area formed when a volcano collapses.
What is a caldera?
Lava flows destroy things but usually move at this speed.
What is slow?
In a hot spot chain, the oldest volcano is found here.
What is farthest from the hot spot?
After an eruption, the lava breaks down and makes this kind of soil.
What is rich/fertile soil?
A volcano that will not erupt again.
What is extinct?
Small cracks where gas or lava escapes.
What are vents?
Big eruptions can cause temperatures on Earth to do this.
What is drop/cool down?
Yellowstone’s huge crater from past eruptions is called this.
What is a caldera?