Volcanoes & Plate Tectonics
magma that reaches the surface
lava
a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances
element
a long tube in the ground that connects the magma chamber to Erath's surface
pipe
a fountain of water and steam that erupts from the ground
geyser
type of volcano that is sleeping but can awaken in the future and become active
dormant
a weak spot in the crust where molten marerial, or magma, come to the surface
volcano
a substance made of two or more elements that have been chemically combined
compound
molten rock and gas leave the volcano through this opening
vent
a huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain
caldera
type of volcano that is erupting or has shown signs that it may erupt in the future
active
a molten mixure of rock- forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle
magma
physical property of a liquid that is the resistance of a liquid to flowing
viscosity
beneath a volcano, magma collects in a pocket
magma chamber
magma a few kilometers beneath Earth's surface heats underground water
geothermal activity
type of volcano that is dead and unlikely to erupt again
extinct
major volcanic belt formed by the many volcanoes that rim the Pacific Ocean
Ring of Fire
any property that produces a change in the composition of matter
chemical property
a bowl-shaped area that may form at the top of a volcano around the central vent
crater
forms when magma hardens in a volcano's pipe
volcanic neck
a mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust
batholith
an area where material from deep within the mantle rises and then melts, forming magma
hot spot
any characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substance
physical property
occurs when an explosive eruption hurls out a mixture of hot gasses, ash, cinders, and bombs
pyroclastic flow
when magma squeezes between horizontal layers of rock
sill
What do you call someone who studies volcanoes?
Volcanologist