Earthquakes
Volcanoes 1
Volcanoes 2
Earthquakes and Volcanoes
Interpreting a Diagram
100
This is measured by the Richter Scale.
What is magnitude?
100
Most of the active volcanoes in the United States are located here.
What is the Ring of Fire
100
The type of volcano with gentle slopes made from basalt.
What is a shield volcano?
100
Seismic waves that cause the most damage at Earth's surface.
What are surface waves.
100
This is the type of volcano shown in this picture.
What is a Composite Volcano?
200
The Modified Mercalli scale measures this.
What is the damage done by an earthquake?
200
Volcanoes form when magma
a. flows through the crust.
b. changes in composition.
c. hardens beneath the surface.
What is
a. flows through the crust.
200
Pumice is a type of rock that is created by volcanic eruptions with large amounts of this, which leaves holes in the rock.
What is dissolved gas?
200
Forms when meltwater mixes with mud and ash on the mountain.
What are mudflows?
200
This is the depth where secondary waves stop.
What is around 2,500km?
300
Which earthquake waves travel faster, P-Waves or S-Waves?
What are P-Waves?
300
Magma that is rich in gases will form a volcano
A. that erupts explosively.
B. with gently sloping sides.
C. whose lava has a low viscosity.
What is
A. that erupts explosively.
300
A small, steep-sided volcano made of basalt.
What is a cinder cone?
300
This is the name for a scientist that studies earthquakes.
What is a Seismologist?
300
According to this diagram, this is the area where most earthquakes occur.
What are active plate boundaries/The Ring of Fire?
400
2 plate boundaries where volcanoes can form
What is convergent and divergent.
400
This type of plate boundary makes the largest volcanoes.
What is a Convergent Plate Boundary?
400
Term used to describe the resistance of flowing- explosive volcanic eruptions have molten material that is "high" in this.
What is viscosity?
400
The presence of dissolved _________ in lava increases its explosiveness.
What are gases?
400
This is the landform shown in this photograph.
What is a Caldera?
500
Seismic waves originate here.
What is the focus?
500
When a plate moves over a plume in the mantle creating a volcano NOT located at a plate boundary.
What is a hot spot?
500
Volcanoes that erupt rhyolitic or andesitic lava are explosive because the lava is high in this.
What is silica?
500
A break in Earth's lithosphere where one block of rock moves toward, away from, or past another.
What is a fault?
500
This is the lag time in seconds that indicates a distance of 900km from the epicenter
What is 120 seconds?
600
Measures the total energy released by an earthquake.
What is the moment magnitude scale?
600
Large and explosive volcanic eruptions can change climate because ash and gas that erupt high into the atmosphere can do this.
What is reflect sunlight?
600
Difference between magma and lava
What is magma is below the surface and lava is above Earth's surface
600
How seismologists locate an epicenter of an earthquake.
What is through triangulation:
1. Measure time from P-waves to S-waves
2. Calculate distance on a speed graph
3. graph 3 points and locate where they all intersect
600
This is the distance from the epicenter where the difference in travel time between p waves and s waves is about 8 minutes
what is 8,000km?