Volcanic Types
All the processes associated with the discharge of hot fluids, magma, and gases from beneath the Earth's surface
Volcanism
What is the name for the area on Earth where the majority of volcanoes are located?
Circum-Pacific Belt or Pacific Ring of Fire
Property that determines how well magma or other fluids will flow.
Viscosity
Fracture in Earth's crust along which movement occurs
Fault
Device used to measure seismic waves
Seismometer
Type of volcano that tends to be small with steep sides and made mostly of piled up ash
Cinder cone volcano
Most volcanoes tend to be located around ________.
Tectonic plate boundaries
Intrusive igneous rock body found beneath the surface
Pluton
Location where movement first occurs in an Earthquake
Focus
Fastest type of seismic wave, which compresses and expands rocks in the same direction it travels
Primary Waves or P-Waves
Type of volcano that tends to be large with a broad base and a rounded shape, made of hardened lava
Shield volcano
Where will you tend to find volcanoes that are non-explosive and instead ooze lava out over the ground?
Divergent boundaries
Materials ejected from a volcano
Tephra
Location directly above the point where movement first occurs in an earthquake
Epicenter
Type of seismic wave that compresses and expands rocks in a direction perpendicular to where it's traveling
Secondary Waves or S-Waves
Type of volcano that is made of both hardened lava and ashes, that has a conical, concave shape
Composite volcano
Where do you tend to find volcanoes that are explosive due to subducting tectonic plates?
Rapidly moving cloud of gas and ash rushing downslope from a volcanic eruption
Pyroclastic Flow
What are the three types of faults?
Normal Fault, Reverse Fault, Strike Slip Fault
Which type of wave cannot travel through liquids, and cannot travel through Earth's outer core?
Secondary waves or S-Waves
What is the name of the highest shield volcano that we know of, and where is it?
Olympus Mons on Mars
What is responsible for forming the Hawaiian Island chain?
Hot spot
Which mineral is largely responsible for determining how viscous a volcano's magma will be, and therefore how explosive the eruption will be?
Silica
Earthquakes are caused by what two physical forces acting on Earth's rocks?
Stress and Strain
Seismic waves bend when they strike the Earth's core. What is the term for when waves bend as they travel through different materials (it also occurs with light and sound and other waves)?
Refraction