Rocks and soil are enriched with valuable nutrients.
100
vibrations formed in the ground
earthquake
100
a vent in the earth’s crust that erupt
Volcano
200
What type of volcano is short and broad with many vents?
Shield Volcano
200
What is a fault?
A break in the Earth's lithosphere where one block of rock moves toward, away from, or past another.
200
What is volcanic ash made of?
particles of pulverized rock and glass
200
break where a block of rock moves away, towards you, or past another
fault
200
molten rock below the earth’s surface
Magma
300
How many volcanoes erupt each year on average?
60
300
Two blocks of rock slide horizontally past each other in opposite directions.
Strike-slip fault
300
What makes volcanoes dangerous?
Spew smoke, steam, ash, cinders, and gas. The gas can be deadly. The ash and cinders can be hot enough to start fires and thick enough to bury houses and fields and suffocate people.
300
wave that causes particles to move up and down in a rolling motion
Surface wave
300
molten rock that erupts
lava
400
What type of volcano forms a large cone with only one place for lava to come out, the summit?
Cinder Cone
400
Forces push two blocks of rock together. One block moves up along the fault relative to the other.
Reverse Fault
400
How do volcanoes get their shape?
Volcanoes get their shape from the type of material that erupts. If lava flows smoothly, (less viscous) the volcano will be broad. If it is thick and pasty (more viscous), the volcano will be steep and tall.
400
energy that travels as a vibration
seismic wave
400
volcanoes that are not associated with plate boundaries
Hot Spot
500
How does the amount of silica content change the viscosity of magma? How does this affect the flow of magma?
Viscosity is a measure of a liquid's ability to stick together rather than spreading. The less silica, the less viscosity and therefore the faster rate of flow.
500
Forces pull two two blocks of rock apart. One block moves down along the fault relative to the other.
Normal Fault
500
How do scientists predict volcanoes?
Magma under the ground can change the shape of the ground, change the shape of the volcano, and cause a series of earthquakes called a earthquake series.