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Hydrothermal Features
Eruption Types
Magma and Lava
Geological Features
Volcanic Processes
100


These features are areas where hot water and steam escape from the Earth.



What are hydrothermal features?


100


This type of eruption results in gentle lava flows.



What is an effusive eruption?


100


The molten rock that erupts from a volcano is called this.



What is magma?


100


This is a large, bowl-shaped depression formed at the summit of a volcano.



What is a caldera?


100


This term refers to the process by which magma rises to the surface and erupts as lava.



What is ascent?


200


The rate at which temperature increases with depth in the Earth is called this.



What is the geothermal gradient?


200


What is the term for eruptions that eject ash, gas, and volcanic rock violently?



What is an explosive eruption?


200


Higher content of this substance in magma can lead to more explosive eruptions.



What is silica?


200


These are horizontal layers of magma that solidify between rock layers.



What is a sill?


200


The steep, conical structure formed from explosive eruptions is known as this.



What is the cone of a volcano?


300


Hydrothermal features are commonly found in these types of regions.



What are volcanic regions?


300


This type of eruption is characterized by the accumulation of ash and small rocks.



What is a cinder cone?


300


This type of lava is low in viscosity and flows easily, creating broad, shield-like volcanoes.



What is basaltic lava?


300


Large bodies of intrusive igneous rock are known as this.



What are plutons?


300


This term is used for the material ejected during a volcanic eruption.



What is tephra?


400


These features are areas where hot water and steam escape from the Earth.



What are hydrothermal features?


400


The rate at which temperature increases with depth in the Earth is called this.



What is the geothermal gradient?


400


Hydrothermal features are commonly found in these types of regions.



What are volcanic regions?


400

Magma traps gases, increasing the pressure

What is vicous? 

400

Vertical structures that cut across existing rock layers.

What are dikes?

500

What are hydrothermal features and where are the commonly found?

Hydrothermal features are areas where hot water and steam escape from the Earth, commonly found in volcanic regions, such as geysers and hot springs.

500

What are plutons and how do they form? 

Plutons are large bodies of intrusive igneous rick that form when magma cools and solidifies beneath the Earth's surface.

500

What factors affect the explosivity of a volcano?

The explosivity of a volcano is affected by the composition of the magma (especially silica content), the amount of gas trapped in the magma, and the temperature of the magma. 

500

Describe the difference between a sill and a dike

A sill is a horizontal layer of magma that solidifies between existing new layers. 

A dike is a vertical structure that cuts across rock layers. 

500

Explain what the geothermal gradient is and its significance

The geothermal gradient is the rate at which temperature increases with depth in the Earth. 

It is significant because it helps to understand how heat is distributed within the Earth and can indicate the presence of geothermal energy resources.