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Key Vocabulary
Volcanoes
Earthquakes
Putting the Pieces Together
Earth Science
100
an opening in the Earth’s surface through which magma rises
What is a volcano
100
chain or cluster of islands
What is an island chain
100
occur when built up pressure from moving plates is released
What is an earthquake
100
large wave of water that destroys coastal areas may be over 30 meters high
What is tsunami
100
the instrument that records the strengths of the earth's movement
What is seismograph
200
deep sided depression at the top or on the side of a volcano formed during an eruption
What is a crater
200
arch shaped chain of islands
What is an island arc
200
Major earthquakes usually occur at these boundaries
What is fault boundaries
200
is used to compare strengths of earthquakes
What is Richter Scale
200
formed from lava flows that harden... what type of volcano?
What is shield
300
molten rock inside the Earth
What is magma
300
tiny bits of rock that fly into the air during an eruption; can form a thick cloud of ash and cinders.
What is volcanic ash
300
point on Earth’s surface directly above an earthquakes’s focus
What is the epicenter
300
point where the rock first breaks, or moves, causing the earthquake
What is the focus
300
formed from explosive eruptions in which volcanic materials are thrown high in the air and pile up around the vent of the volcano.
What is cinder cone
400
molten rock which reaches Earth’s surface
What is lava
400
the opening in the volcano
What is a vent
400
Energy is released in
What is waves
400
occur when built up pressure from moving plates is released
What is an earthquake
400
formed from alternating explosions and lava flow
What is composite
500
area in Earth’s mantel that is hotter than surrounding areas, forming melted rock that rises toward the crust
What is a hot spot
500
New ocean floor is created at these boundaries
What are spreading boundaries
500
The closer to the _________, the stronger the wave.
What is focus
500
measure of the energy released by an earthquake
What is magnitude
500
lava quietly flows onto the surface of the plate.
What is gentler eruptions