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Types of Volcanoes
Eruptions
Volcano Concepts
Vocabulary
Miscellaneous
100
A weak spot in the crust where molten material comes to the surface
What is volcano
100
These types of eruptions occur on Triton
What is nitrogen
100
Where the magma collects on the inside of a volcano.
What is magma chamber
100
Define crater
What is a bowl shaped area that forms around a volcano's central opening
100
Define island arc
What is a string of islands formed by the volcanoes along a deep ocean trench
200
What is the Ring of Fire
What is a major volcanic belt formed by the volcanoes that rim the Pacific Ocean
200
These types of eruptions occur on Io
What is sulfur
200
Why does magma rise upward during a volcanic eruption
What is the magma is less dense than the surrounding mountain material
200
Define geyser
What is a fountain of water and steam that build up pressure undergrounds and erupts at regular intervals
200
Define hot spot. Hwere can hot spots be found?
What is an area where magma deep within the mantle melts through the crust. They are found in the middle of oceanic or continental plates, far from any plate boundaries
300
What types of volcanoes are found on Mars?
What is shield volcanoes. They are volcanoes with sloping sides and wide bases. There are also cone volcanoes which are cone shaped mountains.
300
What types of eruptions produce pahoehoe and aa?
What is quiet eruptions
300
What are the three stages in the life of a volcano and describe each one
What is dormant, extinct, active. Dormant=a volcano that may erupt in the future and become active. Extinct=a volcano that is unlikely to erupt again. Active=a volcano that is erupting or shows signs of erupting
300
Define caldera
What is the huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain.
300
When does a pyroclastic flow occur?
What is occurs when an explosive eruption hurls out ash, cinders, and bombs as well as gases
400
What types of volcanoes are found on Venus?
What is shield volcanoes with wide bases and sloping sides
400
What allows magma to erupt out of a volcanoes vent?
The magma is less dense than the surrounding material so it can erupt from the volcano's vent
400
What two elements/materials make volcanic soils so fertile after they break down?
What is potassium and phosphorus
400
Define batholith
What is a mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust
400
Define geothermal energy and explain how it can be used and how it is done.
What is energy from water or steam that has been heated by magma. It can be used for heat or electricity. Steam from underground can be pumped into turbines and as turbines turn, they create energy. Piping can be used to pump hot water heated by magma into homes
500
Name all three types of volcanoes and describe
What is composite, cinder cone, shield. Shield=repeated lava flows build up the sides, gently sloping with wide bases. Composite=layers of lava alternate with ash, cinders, and boms. Cinder cone=cinders explode from the volcanoe and pile up around the vent.
500
Describe the difference between quiet eruptions and explosive eruptions?
What is Quiet = magma flows easily and magma bubbles out gently. Lava flows smoothly down the sides of mountains. Explosive = a very forceful eruption where lava, cinders, bombs, and ash are pushed out of the volcano.
500
What three factors affect how thick or thin magma is? How do these factors impact the force of a volcanic eruption?
What is silica content, gases dissolved, and temperature. Silica content=more silice means thicker magma which means more explosive eruptions. Temperature=hotter magma means thinner, runny lava which means more quiet eruptions. Gases dissolved=more gas means more pressure which means more explosive eruptions.
500
Define hot spring
What is a pool formed by groundwater that has risen to the surface after being heated by a nearby body of magma
500
How do lava plateaus form?
What is lava flows out of several long cracks and travels far before cooling and solidifying. Over time, lava flows on top of earlier floods. Over millions of years, the layers of lava can form lava plateaus