Volcanoes
A weak spot in the crust where molten material, or magma, comes to the surface
What is a volcano
Molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle
What is magma?
a rare natural hot spring that intermittently shoots a turbulent stream of superheated water and steam into the air
What is a geyser?
deep, narrow channel through which magma travels from Earth's mantle up to the surface.
What is a pipe?
a sheet-like body of magma that cuts vertically or steeply across pre-existing rock layers underground.
What is a dike?
a volcano that is not currently erupting but still holds the potential to erupt again in the future
What is dormant?
When Magma reaches the surface it is called this
What is Lava?
a large, cauldron-like volcanic depression that forms when a volcano empties its magma chamber during an eruption and the ground above it collapses inward.
What is a Cladera?
-an opening on Earth's surface where magma, gas, ash, and lava escape
What is a vent?
a flat, sheet-like body of igneous rock that forms underground.
What is a sill?
a volcano that scientists consider unlikely to ever erupt again because it no longer has a working magma supply
What is extinct?
Resistance of a liquid to flow
What is viscosity?
natural heat transfer processes on Earth's surface caused by excess underground heat, typically from igneous intrusions
What is geothermal activity?
a large underground pool of liquid molten rock located beneath the Earth's crust
What is a magma Chamber?
Made up of particles of oxygen and silicon. Silica is the most abundant material in the earth’s crust.
What is silicia?
A major volcanic belt that rim the Pacific Ocean
What is the Ring of Fire?
Fast moving lava with a low viscosity
What is Pahoehoe?
a hard column of igneous rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies inside the vent or conduit of an active volcano.
What is a volcano neck?
a bowl-shaped depression most commonly formed by volcanic activity
What is a crater?
Any characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of a substance
What is Physical Property?
also called a stratovolcano, is a tall, steep-sided, cone-shaped mountain built up over thousands of years by alternating layers of hardened lava flows, volcanic ash, cinders, and pyroclastic materials.
What is a composite Volcano?
Lava that is slow moving and has a higher viscosity
What is aa?
a very large mass of intrusive igneous rock that forms deep underground when magma cools and solidifies without erupting onto the Earth's surface.
What is a Batholith?
an outpouring of molten rock that erupts from a volcano and spreads across the Earth's surface.
What is lava flow?
Any property that produces a change in the composition of matter
What is a chemical property?