This is a weak spot in the crust where magma comes to the Earth's surface.
What is a volcano.
100
This is the layer of the Earth in which lava begins as magma.
What is the aesthenosphere?
100
Volcanic eruptions create landforms made of the following materials.
What are lava, ash, and other materials.
100
Name four landforms created from lava and ash.
What are (any four of the following) shield volcanoes, cinder cone volcanoes, composite volcanoes, lava plateaus, calderas, soils from lava and ash.
100
This large fault system runs along California's coast and was formed as a result of movement along the North American plate and the Pacific plate.
What is the San Andreas fault.
200
These are the two types of boundaries where most volcanoes form.
What are colliding and spreading boundaries.
200
These are the two ways in which geologists classify the volcanic eruptions.
What are quiet and explosive.
200
Volcanic eruptions create the following four types of landforms.
What are shield volcanoes, cinder cone volcanoes, composite volcanoes, and lava plateaus.
200
This is a high level area formed by repeated lava flows.
What is a lava plateau.
200
Name two mountain ranges in California that formed as the result of plate motion.
What are (any two of the following) the Sierra Nevada, Coast Range, Transverse Range.
300
This chain of volcanoes form where two oceanic plates collide.
What is an island arc.
300
This type of volcanic eruption occurs when an explosive eruption hurls out ash, cinders, and bombs.
What is a pyroclastic flow.
300
This type of volcano is created when thin layefs of lava pour out of a vent, and more layers of this lava harden on top of previous layers. Then the layers gradually build a wide, gently sloping mountain.
What is a shield volcano.
300
These are three types of hazards caused by volcanic eruptions.
What are (any three) lava flows sets fire, bury objects, kills people, kills animals, kills plants, buries towns, damages crops, clogs car and airplane engines.
300
This is a low-lying region that was once covered by a shallow sea. This basin forms one of the nation's richest farmlands.
What is the Central Valley.
400
This is the process where oceanic crust slides beneath continental crust and forms volcanoes on land
What is suduction?
400
Geologists use the following three terms to describe a volcano's stage of activity.
What are active, dormant, and extinct.
400
This type of mountain is formed by lava flows alternating with explosive eruptions.
What is a composite volcano.
400
Sometimes magma rises upward through cracks in the crust, but does not reach the surface. The magma cools and hardens into rock beneath the surface creating which types of features.
What are volcanic necks, dikes, sills, batholiths, and dome mountains.
400
This is how most of California's major geological features formed
What is the movement of plates, or plate movement.
500
The San Andreas Fault is classified as this type of fault.
What is a strike-slip fault
500
Explain in detail the process of volcanic eruptions.
What is the force of expanding gases pushes magma from the magma chamber through the pipe until it flows or explodes out of the vent.
500
Volcanic ash breaks down and releases the following two things which are both needed by plants.
What are potassium and phosphorus.
500
This is why magma flows to a side vent
What is a crack in the rock layers might offer less resistance to the magma's flow than the magma-filled main pipe.
500
These are the three tectonic plates that affect California's geology
What are the Pacific plate, North American plate, and Juan de Fuca plate.