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The Creation of Volcanoes
Types
Vocabulary
Eruptions
100
Most volcanoes occur along the boundaries between shifting tectonic plates.
Where do most volcanoes occur?
100
Cindercone, Shield, and Composite
what three kinds of landforms are created by the eruptions of volcanoes?
100
Several mountain ranges that lie parallel to one another
What is a mountain belt?
100
An active volcano is a volcano that erupts constantly.
What is an active volcano?
200
As the tectonic plate moves under another (subduction zone), the rock in the mantle melts and becomes magma.
Why does the rock in the mantle melt?
200
This type of volcanic landform is made up of small rock particles, or cinders. It is characterized by a small cone with steep sides.
What is a cinder-cone volcano?
200
Molten rock beneath the earth's surface.
What is magma?
200
Volcanoes that have become inactive, but people are not certain that they will not erupt again.
What are dormant volcanoes?
300
magma rises because it is filled with gas and is less dense than the solid rock around it.
Why does magma rise?
300
This type of volcano is made up of layers of lava rocks. it's not as steep as cinder cone volcano and is created slowly.
What is a shield volcano?
300
A region of volcanic activity in the middle of a tectonic plate.
What is a hot spot?
300
Intermittent volcanoes erupt fairly frequent intervals.
What are intermittent volcanoes?
400
The rocks above magma press down on the magma and create great pressure. When the pressure is released, volcanic materials suddenly erupt and move out to the surface.
What prevents magma from gradually and slowly rising to the peak of the mountain?
400
This type of volcanic landform is made up of layers of lava flows alternating with layers of ash, cinders, and rocks. it is a combination of cinder cone and shield volcanoes.
What is a composite volcano?
400
A long curved chain of volcanic islands.
What is a volcanic island arc?
400
Volcanoes that have not erupted in recorded history are considered to be extinct volcanoes.
What are Extinct Volcanoes?
500
Hot spots erupt and release magma. As magma comes out it becomes lava and hardens into landforms.
How do hot spots form new land?
500
Composite volcano.
Which type of volcanic landform is the most destructive?
500
A zone of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions that encircles the Pacific Basin.
What is the Ring of Fire and where is it located?
500
Active: erupt constantly Intermittent: erupt at fairly frequent intervals Dormant: have become inactive but might erupt in future Extinct: have not erupted within recorded history
How do the types of volcanic eruptions differ?