DNA
The base unit of DNA
What is a nucleotide?
The term that encompasses the process through which DNA eventually produces proteins
What is the central dogma?
The ability to gain resources for food and the ability to reproduce and pass on genes
What is fitness?
The system of arteries and veins that carries blood from the heart to finger tips and toes and then back to the heart
What is the vascular system?
When paired chromosomes fail to separate during cell division
What is nondisjunction?
The corresponding mRNA sequence to the DNA sequence: TATGCGA
What is AUACGCU?
What is a gene?
Changes to DNA at the level of the chromosome
The immediate bodily response that quickly reacts to an infection
What is the innate response?
The mechanism through which acquired immunity can develop without having previously contracted the disease
What is a vaccination?
The discoverer of the existence of DNA in 1869
Who is Friedrich Miescher?
The second step of transcription when nucleotides are being added to mRNA
What is elongation?
The two classes of cells that mutations can take place in
What are somatic and germline cells?
The term for when your body recognizes a self-antigen as a foreign antigen and unnecessarily triggers an aggressive immune response
What is autoimmunity?
A substance that induces the production of antibodies
What are antigens?
The term for the structure of thymine and cytosine
What is a pyrimidine?
The base sequence for the start codon
What is AUG?
A change in a base that results in the production of the same amino acid as the original base sequence
What is a silent mutation?
Viruses, parasites, and bacteria are examples of this agent
What are pathogens?
Type I diabetes, celiac disease, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, lupus, and inflammatory bowel disease are examples of this type of disorder
What is an autoimmune disorder?
What is antiparallel directionality?
The first enzyme that binds to the DNA promoter sequence during transcription
What is RNA polymerase?
The condition also known as trisomy 21
What is Down Syndrome?
The scientific term for the broad category of blood cells that include B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells
What are lymphocytes?
The reversal of the orientation of a segment of DNA
What is inversion?