Signs/Symptoms
Anatomy
Pathophysiology
Meds
Importance of the Vascular Surgeon
100
Pain (cramping or aching) that occurs due to a chronic decrease in arterial blood flow to the nerves of the feet.
What is Claudication?
100
Vessels with the greatest resistance?
Arterioles
100
Direct connection between two blood vessels of similar size is called what?
What is anastomosis?
100
Used to keep the blood from clotting during vascular surgery.
What is heparin?
100
What is a surgery that vascular surgeons can perform to reestablish blood flow in peripheral arteries?
Peripheral vascular bypass, angioplasty, atherectomy.
200
Hoarseness/Cough are symptoms of this type of aneurysm.
What is Thoracic Ascending Aneurysm?
Bonus question: What nerve compression causes hoarseness?
200
Artery that is commonly affected in patients with strokes
Carotid Artery
200
The ABI measures for what vascular related disease?
What is peripheral arterial disease?
200
Use for coagulation of small areas of bleeding.
Thrombin
200
Imaging modality utilized to determine degree of stenosis for PAD?
What is Arterial Duplex Ultrasound, Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA), Computed Tomographic Angiography (CTA)?
300
This pathology is caused by a rapid decrease in lower limb blood flow, the clinical features of which can be described by the 6 p's: pain, paralysis, pulseless, pallor, paresthesia, poikilothermia
acute limb ischemia
300
What is a descending aortic aneurysm?
300
Platelet rich "white clots" are seen in this kind of thrombosis
What is arterial thrombosis?
300
It is used to chemically dissolve an embolus/thrombus.
What is tPA (will also accept urokinase).
300
What surgery can be used to treat carotid artery stenosis via atherosclerotic disease?
Carotid Endarterectomy
400
“Tearing” chest pain is a symptom of what clinical emergency?
What is aortic dissection?
400
What type of artery is pictured here? (Elastic vs. Muscular vs. Arterioles)
What is a muscular artery?
400
What is the pathogenesis of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)? (Think Virchow's Triad)
1) Venous Stasis, 2) endothelial/vessel injury, 3) Intrinsic Hypercoagulability
400
Anticoagulant that is completely contraindicated in pregnancy
What is Warfarin?
What can you give instead?
400
What is the surgical criteria for thoracic aneurysms?
Diameter > 5.5 cm, Growth >0.5cm/year, Symptoms
500
What arterial abnormality is pictured below?
What is fibromuscular dysplasia?
*Congenital arterial abnormality of fibrous, muscular, and elastic components. Can have stroke like symptoms.
500
What arteries are considered elastic arteries?
Large arteries close to the heart (aorta, pulmonary trunk, and their large branches)
500
Regions where blood-tissue exchange occurs
Capillary Beds
Blood enters via arteriole, exits through venule
500
Antidote for Heparin?
What is Protamine
500
Vascular surgeons treat this common disease that affects 8.5 million American adults aged 40 years or older.
What is Peripheral Artery Disease?