ABA Basics
ABA principle used to increase behaviors
Reinforcement
Removing a stimulus and increases behavior
negative reinforcement
Jason cries whenever he sees mom. When Jason cries, mom leaves. Jason stops crying then. What is the behavior?
Crying
Stephanie is an RBT working on a target with Rios. While Rios was playing with his toy bear, Stephanie had Rios relinquish his toy bear to her. Rios proceeded to cry and reach for the toy bear.
Access
5%
This procedure involves reinforcing gradual changes in the behavior.
Shaping
Providing a client a token for every 5 minutes that they engage in reading. This schedule is...
FI5 or fixed interval 5
This increases or decreases the value of the consequence.
Motivating Operation (MO)
Rodrigo engages in screaming and throwing when told to engage in tabletop tasks. When the task is removed, he stops the screaming and throwing.
Escape/Avoidance
RBTs must protect the ___ and ___ of the client.
Measures how often a behavior occurs
Frequency
When using a token economy, it is necessary to identify a this type of reinforcer.
Backup reinforcers
Sarah approaches Dylan and asked him to play with her. Dylan pushes Sarah, and Sarah walked away. The consequence is...
Sarah walking away.
Natalie, a new RBT, works with a client that engages in scratching his own face. Whenever Natalie talks with the BCBA about current programming, the client engages in the scratching his own face. Natalie tells the client "No, thank you," and the client stops. What is the function?
Attention
Fluency is a combination of ____ and ____ of responding.
speed; accuracy
The four functions of behavior.
Johnny typically throws a ball at another client in order to get attention from a BCBA. In order to reduce this inappropriate behavior, Johnny’s BCBA provides him with attention in the form of social praise and a high five every 5 minutes, regardless of what behavior Johnny is engaging in. This an example of...
non-contingent reinforcement (NCR)
The observer records a descriptive account of the behaviors of interest including what happens before, during, and after.
ABC Data
Whenever her tech tells Helen that she can't have something from the top of the toy shelf in the playroom, Helen runs away to another part of the clinic. When her tech tells her, "Okay you can have the toy from the top shelf," Helen walks back to the playroom with the tech.
Savannah provides 5 minutes of tablet time for every 3 to 5 minutes that the client engages in reading. What schedule of reinforcement is this?
VI4
This type of assessment identifies stimuli that can potentially be a reinforcer
Preference Assessment
Whenever Patricia screams, the tech takes away the tabletop work and let's Patricia walk away. As a result, Patricia screams every time they have to do tabletop work. What type of reinforcement maintains the screaming?
Negative Reinforcement
Give an example of a possible antecedent for a client who engaged in scratching himself, and the consequence to the behavior is the tech providing the client with a break. In the future, the client scratches himself again and being provided a break.
Giving a demand, asking the client to do something, providing the client an Sd.
Stella is an RBT that works with Steven. A novel behavior behavior recently started occurring, where Steven kicks the wall while screaming. She was not sure why it was occurring, so she starts taking ABC data. The antecedent she recorded for instances of the kicking was unclear, and the consequence was also unclear. The behavior usually occurs when he is alone. What is the function?
You are working with a client on a receptive ID program in an array of 4. The BCBA has put in the program that the type of prompting that will be used is making the correct stimuli be larger-sized pictures compared to the incorrect stimuli. What type of prompting is this?
(Stimulus or Response)
Stimulus prompt