Vocabulary
The three phases of sexual reproduction
What are mating fertilization and development
This is the type of asexual reproduction that can occur in sharks and lizards.
What is parthenogenesis.
How many rounds of cell division does Meiosis involve?
2
One half of a duplicated chromosome
What is a chromatid
What do Mitosis and Meiosis both produce?
cells
The name of the fertilized egg in sexual reproduction
What is the zygote
The type of cell reproduction in asexual reproduction
What is mitosis
How many cells are produced by meiosis?
4
What are the four main phases of Mitosis?
Prophase - Metaphase - Anaphase - Telophase
The differrent ways that sperm is carried to eggs in sexual reproduction of conifers and fruit trees.
What is with pollinators and wind.
Process by which the cell cytoplasm divides and 2 cells are finally formed
Cytokinesis
This is the type of asexual reproduction in starfish where a part of an arm and part of the central disk becomes detached from the "parent" and develops into an independent individual sea star.
What is fragmentation
In humans, how many chromosomes does each new cell end up having when meiosis is complete?
23
How many genetically identical daughter cells does Mitosis produce?
2 daughter cells
What are 2 differences in the cells produced in mitosis and meiosis?
Meiosis - 4 cells, different DNA
Mitosis - 2 cells, identical
the middle region of the chromosome where chromatids and the spindle fibers attach.
What is the Centromere?
This is the type of asexual reproduction that occurs in planaria and bacteria where the organisms split in two to create two new organisms.
What is binary fission?
The type of cells produced in meiosis
What are gametes, or sperm and eggs
How is Interphase connected to Mitosis?
it prepares the cell to divide, checks for mutations, and provides time for the duplication of organelles and DNA
The exchange of DNA between paired homologous chromosomes (one from each parent) that occurs during meiosis which ensures genetic variation in any offspring produced.
What is Crossing Over.
Two matching paired chromosomes; one from your mother, one from your father.
What are Homologous Chromosomes?
Two benefits and the most important detriment of asexual reproduction.
Benefits: What are organisms can reproduce rapidly and they do not need another parent.
Detriments: What are they are identical clones so suseptible to disease or environmental change, no diversity.
The sperm has _________ as many chromosomes as a skin cell
What is half
The ______ produces the spindle fibers that separate sister chromatids during mitosis or homologous pairs in meiosis
centrioles
What are 2 reasons meiosis is important for life on Earth?
creates gametes for sexual reproduction
scrambles DNA, creating genetic diversity amongst a species