Feast or Famine
Peter Singer uses this analogy to argue that we have an equally strong obligation to help those dying from a lack of food, shelter or medicine.
Drowning Child in a Pond Analogy
When Nietzsche refers to the “herd,” he’s referring to these people; the Greeks would refer to them as the hoi polloi
Ordinary people, the masses
Nozick believe that this will inevitably upset any patterned distribution.
Liberty
Frye’s birdcage analogy is designed to express the idea the we need to think about oppression as this.
System
While indistinguishably life-like ancestry simulations are unlikely to exist in our life time, they could be a possible future for these being.
Post-humans.
This type of obligation is often considered to be supererogatory; that is, good to do, but not required.
Charity
This type of morality is characterized as good manners amongst equals, but Nietzsche thought it shouldn’t apply to those on top.
Slave / Herd Morality
This principle holds that it is enough for there to be a free market competition for positions etc. to achieve a just result.
Formal Equality of Opportunity
When an oppressed person faces censure or criticism irrespective of what option they chose, Frye would describe it as being caught in a set of these.
Double Binds.
Bostrom speculates that Post-Humans may not have a desire to run simulations because of this, caused by the simulated pain the simulated beings will experience.
Moral Aversion
These are the grounds for our obligation to feed children starving globally.
If it is in our CAPACITY to help, without COMPARABLE SACRIFICE, then we OUGHT to help.
This type of morality is characterized by overcoming, and helping humans achieve their fullest potential.
Master Morality
Taxes are equivalent to theft for Nozick because involuntarily garnishing someone’s income is equivalent to this.
Forced Labour
Members of the dominant group are often unable to perceive their own privileges because they take their privileged position as this.
Default Position
It's entirely possible that humanity will never reach the post human stage becuase it may encounter of these; a real doom an gloom scenario.
Great Filter
This type of requirement, on the other hand, is something that is absolutely required of a person. Perhaps we should change the name for aid organizations.
Justice
Domination, Appropriation, Exploitation, Overcoming, etc.
This principle holds that careers and positions should be open to all who are equally talented and equally motivated.
Fair Equality of Opportunity
Rather forcefully, Frye argues that men cannot be oppressed as men for this reasons.
Barriers and limitation put in place by men, to benefit men.
This may get out of hand, and we may have a near infinite number of situations if this eventuality occurs. It also explains why we have a 1:1bil chance of living in base reality.
Simulated beings create simulations.
These are two differences between the drowning child case, and children starving, neither of which make a MORAL difference.
Proximity + One vs. Many (Not Helping)
Nietzsche is sharp critique of conventional morality because it has this effect on organic life.
Stifling
Free / Voluntary transactions
Marilyn Frye argues that we may fail to notice something as part an oppressive structure unless we adopt this perspective.
Macroscopic
Don't attribute this principles name to be unconcerned, rather it refers to an ability to distinguish base from simulated reality.
Bland Indifference Principle