Heart Health
In an effort to reduce the risk for heart disease, one should limit total fat intake to _________
<35%
This vitamin plays an important role in the vision cycle.
Vitamin A
What role of nutrients do vitamins fulfill in the body?
Regulation
Beef, cheese, coconut oil, and butter are all good sources of what type of fat?
Saturated fat
Which nutrient deficiency leads to scurvy?
Vitamin C
Lipoproteins are made of these three components
Cholesterol, triglycerides, and a protein coat.
What vitamin can be produced in the body from cholesterol with exposure to UVB light?
Vitamin D
Which vitamin requires a special intrinsic factor for absorption?
Vitamin B12
Orange, yellow, red, and green fruits and veggies are good sources of which carotenoid?
Beta carotene
What 3 nutrients function as antioxidants in the body?
Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Beta carotene
Olive oil, avocados, and peanut oil are good sources of this heart-healthy fat
Monounsaturated fat
What carotenoid is best converted into vitamin A?
Beta-carotene
What are the symptoms of pellagra?
- dermatitis
- diarrhea
- delirium
- death
SPECIAL QUESTION
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Do oranges contain vitamin D and calcium?
No, but orange juice may be fortified
True or false: Vitamin needs differ among species.
TRUE
A circulating LDL level of <______mg/dL is considered optimal for heart health
100
Which vitamin helps regulate calcium absorption?
Vitamin D
Deficiency of folate during pregnancy can lead to devastating conditions in the developing fetus called
Neural tube defects
What is a good food source of HDL?
NO FOOD SOURCE
What government act prevents supplement manufactures from marketing their product as a drug or disease cure?
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) 1994
Name three of the five factors that characterize metabolic syndrome
- waist circumference >35in for females and >40in for males
- high fasting triglycerides
- low HDL
- elevated blood pressure
- high fasting blood glucose
This vitamin is found in the germ of whole grains and deficiency can take around 7 years to develop.
Vitamin E
Which water-soluble vitamins can cause anemia as an outcome of deficiency.
Vitamin B12 and folate
In the U.S., up until 2018, margarine and shortening all used to contain what type of fat?
Trans fat
What are the four different lipoproteins for fat transport?
Chylomicron, VLDL, HDL, and LDL