Types of Risk
What is perceived risk? Give an example from an outdoor activity.
Perceived risk is a risk that feels dangerous but may not be. Example- feeling unsafe on a high ropes course.
What is the purpose of a risk assessment before an outdoor trip?
To identify potential hazards and create management strategies to manage them.
What does the acronym DRSABCD stand for?
Danger, Response, Send for help, Airway, Breathing, CPR, Defibrillation
Name one hazard associated with mountain environments
Rapid weather changes, cold temperatures, avalanche territory
What is a trip intention for and what does it do?
Informs other of your plans so they can know where you are if a rescue is needed.
What is the difference between voluntary and involuntary risk?
Voluntary risk is chosen by the participant. Involuntary risk is imposed without choice.
Name three factors you should consider when assessing risk in a bush walk.
Weather, terrain, group experience.
What should you do if someone is unconscious but breathing?
Place them in the recovery position and monitor breathing.
What are the risk of someone becoming dehydrated during outdoor activities?
Fatigue, confusion, heat illness
Name three items that should be in a group first aid kit.
Bandages, strapping tape, pain killers, antiseptic, gloves, adrenaline for allergic reaction, tweezers
How can psychological risk affect performance in outdoor pursuits?
What is a risk matrix and how is it used?
A tool to evaluate the likelihood and severity of risks to prioritize management strategies.
How do you treat a sprained ankle?
RICE
Rest, ice, compression, elevation
How can bad weather increase risk for outdoor activities? At least two reasons.
Reduced visibility, slippery terrain, hypothermia, possibility of drowning
What is the purpose of a safety briefing before an activity?
To inform participants of the risks, rules, and emergency procedures.
Why is it important to know the difference between real and perceived risk?
To make informed decisions and manage fear effectively.
How would you assess the risk of crossing a swollen river? Identify at least three.
Check water depth, speed, entry/exit points and group ability.
What are the signs of heat exhaustion and how should you respond?
Sweating, dizziness, nausea.
Response- cool down, hydrate, rest.
What are the dangers of overexertion and how can they be prevented?
Dangers- injury, exhaustion
Prevention- pacing, hydration, rest
What does PLB stand for?
Personal Locator Beacon
Describe a situation where perceived risk is higher than real risk. What impact can it have?
Abseiling appears dangerous but is well controlled. It may cause fear or hesitation.
What are three risks in mountain biking and a management strategy for each one?
Injury- helmets
Emotional distress- route planning
Broken equipment- supervision by instructor
What would you do if a group member had a serious fall while rock climbing?
Ensure safety, assess injuries, call for help, provide first aid, monitor condition
Describe how to identify and respond to flash flooding while tramping.
Signs- rising water, heavy rain, water discolored.
Response- move to higher ground, avoid river crossing, stay and wait it out.
What safety equipment should be taken for a three day sea kayaking trip. Name at least four items.