Exploration & Exchange
What were the main motives for exploration?
To grow wealthy and spread Christianity
Who do Muslims believe was the last and greatest prophet?
Muhammad
What does shogun mean in Japanese society?
“Barbarian-defeating general”
What invention helped increase literacy and use of vernacular?
Printing press
What belief is shared by both Hindus and Buddhists?
Reincarnation
What writing system did the Maya develop?
Glyphs
What is the term for release from selfishness and pain in Buddhism?
Nirvana
What was the main goal of the Crusades?
To recover Jerusalem from Muslim Turks
What was the Columbian Exchange?
Transfer of plants, animals, people, and ideas between the Old and New Worlds
What city do Muslims pray toward?
Mecca
What warrior class dominated society in feudal Japan?
Samurai
What was Luther protesting with indulgences?
Pardons sold by clergy to release sins
What philosophy focused on the natural order and yin/yang?
Daoism
Why was time so important to the Maya?
Rituals had to be done at precise times to please the gods
What religion teaches social harmony through organized relationships?
Confucianism
What was a lasting effect of the Crusades?
Continued hostility between Muslims and Christians
What caused the death of many Native Americans during the Columbian Exchange?
Diseases
What are the Five Pillars of Islam?
The major duties of all Muslims
What was a long-standing feature of Japanese government?
The emperor was a figurehead while others ruled
What did humanists focus on during the Renaissance?
Human potential and achievements
What Indian emperor built the Taj Mahal for his wife?
Shah Jahan
What system did the Aztecs use to increase farmland?
Chinampas (man-made islands)
What concept did Confucius emphasize for good government?
Organizing society around relationships
What inspired the Crusades from within Europe?
The Catholic Church
What effect did the Hundred Years’ War have on England and France?
It helped develop national identities
What city became a center of learning and trade during Mali’s Empire?
Timbuktu
What held feudal society together?
Mutual social obligations and the Church
What did Renaissance artists start doing that changed art?
Used depth and oil paints
What system was used in New Spain to get cheap labor?
Encomienda system
What city did the Inca build high in the Andes with terraces?
Machu Picchu
What empire had a road and bridge network in South America?
Inca Empire
What problems were identified by Church reformers in the Middle Ages?
Married priests, simony, and kings appointing bishops
What valuable goods were traded in West Africa?
Gold and salt
What material helps naturally cool buildings like the Great Mosque of Djenne?
Mud brick
How were feudalism and the manor system related?
Feudalism was the social order, manor system was the economic system
What did someone need in order to be a patron of the arts?
Wealth
What legal code was developed for the Byzantine Empire?
Justinian's Code
Who was Mansa Musa?
King of Mali, wealthy Muslim leader
What was the Magna Carta’s key contribution?
Guaranteed basic legal rights
What did Luther believe about faith and equality?
All people with faith are equal