1st Temple solutions
Water in Masada
Water National Carrier
Modern water solutions
100
Name two water challenges they had during 1st Temple time in Israel?
1) Not all places have enough rainfall.
2) It rains only during winter
3) The water is typically outside the city.
100
Who built Masada?
King Herod (37-4 BCE)
100
What year the NWC was built?
1964
100
What is Desalination?
Making saltwater drinkable
200
What were some of the solutions they used to have water in town, during 1st temple time in Israel?
1) Digging a lot of cisterns
2) Making tunnels to either bring the water to the city or to make an underground path to the water source.
200
What was the main water source for Masada?
River Floods
200
What is the main water source for the NWC?
What is the final destination of the NWC?
It starts from the Kineret
and goes all the way south to Mitzpe Ramon
200
How water helps Israel be a good neighbor?
Israel can sell or give water to its neighbors.
For example- Israel gives extra water to Jordan in order to support millions of Syrian Refugees who fled to Jordan.
300
What is the Siloam inscription?
A stone scripture that describes the last phase of digging this water project.
The passage reads:
... the tunnel ... and this is the story of the tunnel while ...the axes were against each other and while three cubits were left to (cut?) ... the voice of a man ...called to his counterpart, (for) there was ZADA in the rock, on the right ... and on the day of the tunnel (being finished) the stonecutters struck each man towards his counterpart, ax against ax and flowed water from the source to the pool for 1,200 cubits. and (100?)cubits was the height over the head of the stonecutters ...
300
How did they keep the water in Masada?
Some huge cisterns at the side of the cliff, and a few more at the top of the mountain.
300
What are the three main parts of the NWC?
1) Pumping the water from the Kineret
2) Cleaning and preserving (Eshkol Resreviour)
3) Distributing to the cities and houses
300
What is drip irrigation and why is it so important?
It saves a lot of water, especially essential in dry areas. 
400
What is Hezekiah's tunnel?
Where is it? Why was it made?
It`s an ancient water system built underground in the order of King Hezekiah of Judea (1st Temple).
It is in Jerusalem.
It was made in order to prepare the city to the Assyrian assault and to keep the water so the people of Jerusalem will have it and not the enemy.
400
How did they get the water to the top of Masada?
By people and animals carrying the water to the upper cisterns.
400
Explain two challenges in building and/or operating the NWC.
For each problem- what was the solution?
1) The Kineret is on the border with Syria, and they threatened to blow the pipes-- Hiding the pumps in a cave.
2) Pumping took too much energy-- Pumping during the night.
3) Cleaning the water-- Using some chemicals and fish that eat the dirt.
400
Name another water Israeli invention
Making water from the air!!
Watch this amazing video.
500
What is the source of water for Hezekia`s tunnel and where did it go?
The source is the Gihon spring
The water runs to the Siloam Pool that Hezekiah built between the two walls (the old wall & the new one he built)
500
What are some of the challenges of collecting the floods water for Masada?
1) There are only a few floods every year
2) The floods are very powerful and full of dirt- they will break of block any pool or dam.
500
What is the name of the cleaning and reservoir site?
Eshkol Site.
Named after Levi Eshkol
500
Describe two advantages and two disadvantages in desalination.
Advantages:
1) Endless amount of water
2) More water to nature
3) We can sell or give water to our neighbors.
Disadvantages:
1) It costs a lot of many
2) It uses a lot of energy, so it makes more air pollution.
3) Plants take important coastal area.
