B3.2.18
D2.3.4
D2.3.8-11
B3.2.17
BONUS
100
This is the location in plants that stores or consumes organic carbon compounds
Sink
100
Organs intended for transplantation should be immersed in solutions.
Isotonic
100
This component of water potential is always 0kPa or negative and decreases as solute concentration increases.
Solute potential
100
What is the role of xylems in plants?
Transports water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant
100
What is water potential?
The potential energy of water per unit volume and is influenced by solute potential and pressure potential.
200
This is the structure found in phloem tissues that contains a lot of mitochondria
Companion cells
200
In what solution will a cell swell and burst?
Hypotonic
200
In most plant cells, this component of water potential is generally positive due to turgor pressure.
Pressure potential
200
What does the “aerial” part of a plant mean?
The part of the plant that grows above soil
200
How does plant tissue respond when bathed in a hypotonic solution versus a hypertonic solution?
In a hypotonic solution, water enters the plant cells, causing them to become turgid. In a hypertonic solution, water leaves the cells, leading to plasmolysis as the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall.
300
Plasmodesmata allow communication and transport of ______________ between sieve tube elements and companion cells.
Nutrients
300
What word can we use to describe these cells?
Plasmolyzed
300
If a plant cell has a solute potential of -0.8 MPa and a pressure potential of +0.5 MPa, what is its total water potential?
-0.3 MPa
300
Explain the role of transpiration in xylem function.
The loss of water vapour from transpiration creates negative pressure that pulls water upwards from capillary action
300
How is root pressure generated in xylem vessels?
Root pressure is generated by the active transport of mineral ions into the root xylem, which lowers the water potential and causes water to move in by osmosis, creating a positive pressure that helps push water up the xylem.
400
List 2 examples of plant structures that is considered a SOURCE.
Leaves and roots
400
What solution are plasmolyzed plant cells placed in?
Hypertonic solution
400
Unlike most plant cells, this type of plant tissue experiences negative pressure potential due to transpiration pull.
Xylem vessel elements
400
“The process of root pressure is more pronounced during the day.” True or false, explain why.
False: The daytime has higher temperatures and more abundant light, increasing the rate of transpiration, thus reducing the process of root pressure
400
What adaptations do phloem sieve tubes and companion cells have for the translocation of sap?
Phloem sieve tubes lack organelles to reduce resistance to flow, while companion cells have many mitochondria to provide ATP for active transport. Plasmodesmata connect the two cell types, allowing efficient transfer of nutrients.
500
Describe translocation
The movement of sap in phloems
500
0.3
500
Explain why solute potential can never be positive.
Because adding solutes always lowers the free energy of water molecules, making Ψs more negative, and pure water is the only state where Ψs = 0 kPa
500
In an experiment, two identical plants are placed in the same environment. One of the plants is treated with an ATP-inhibitor. Both plants are left for 24 hours and their water uptake is measured. Would the scientist see a change in water uptake? Why or why not?
Yes, there would be a change in water uptake
Root pressure relies on the active transport of minerals using ATP
This creates the positive pressure needed to push the water up the roots
500
If a plant cell has a solute potential of -2 MPa and a pressure potential of 0.5 MPa, what is its water potential?
The water potential is -1.5 MPa, calculated by adding the solute potential (-2 MPa) and the pressure potential (0.5 MPa).